Third Clinical Division, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National, Beijing, China.
Second Clinical Division, Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical, Beijing, China.
Head Face Med. 2021 Mar 19;17(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s13005-021-00263-5.
3D facial scanning has changed the way facial aesthetic is evaluated and has numerous advantages for facial analysis. The specific relationship between lip vermilion morphological changes after orthodontic extraction treatment has not been fully explained. The objective of this study was to evaluate 3D morphological changes after orthodontic extraction treatment in lip vermilion of adult females with dentoalveolar protrusion using a structured light-based scanner.
Forty-two female subjects (25.2 ± 1.9 years) were recruited as the treatment group; these patients had undergone extraction treatment and achieved better sagittal profiles. Twenty female subjects (25.5 ± 2.1 years) were enrolled in the non-treatment group; these patients did not require any orthodontic treatment. The follow up time for the treatment group was more than 24 months and for the non-treatment group was more than 12 months. 3D facial scans were captured using 3D CaMega. Six landmarks (Ls, Li, R.Chp, L.Chp, R.Ch, and L.Ch), three linear measurements (mouth height, philtrum width, and mouth width), and three area measurements (upper, lower, and total vermilion area) were measured. The spatial deviations of three volumetric measurements (upper, lower, and total vermilion) were constructed for quantitative analysis. Color-coded displacement map were constructed for visualization of the soft-tissue displacement as qualitative evaluation.
Mouth height and philtrum width decreased (-0.93 mm and - 1.08 mm, respectively) significantly (p = 0.008 and p = 0.027, respectively), and no significant (p = 0.488) change in mouth width was observed in the treatment group. The lower and total vermilion surface areas decreased (-51.00mm and - 69.82mm, respectively) significantly (p = 0.003 and p = 0.031, respectively) in the treatment group, but no statistically significant (p = 0.752) change was detected in the upper vermilion. In the treatment group, significant retractions were observed in the color-coded displacement map, and three volumetric measurements of vermilion changed significantly (p = 0.012, p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Significant differences were found between the treatment group and the non-treatment group in the linear, area and volumetric measurements.
This study established a method for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the lip vermilion. Significant 3D retraction of the lip vermilion after the extraction treatment was found, with morphological variation between upper and lower vermilion.
3D 面部扫描改变了对面部美学的评估方式，并且在面部分析方面具有众多优势。正畸拔牙治疗后唇红形态变化的具体关系尚未得到充分解释。本研究旨在使用结构光扫描仪评估牙牙槽前突的成年女性正畸拔牙治疗后唇红的 3D 形态变化。
招募 42 名女性受试者（25.2±1.9 岁）作为治疗组；这些患者接受了拔牙治疗，并获得了更好的矢状面轮廓。20 名女性受试者（25.5±2.1 岁）被纳入非治疗组；这些患者不需要任何正畸治疗。治疗组的随访时间超过 24 个月，非治疗组的随访时间超过 12 个月。使用 3D CaMega 进行 3D 面部扫描。测量六个标志点（Ls、Li、R.Chp、L.Chp、R.Ch 和 L.Ch）、三个线性测量值（口高、人中宽度和口宽）和三个面积测量值（上唇、下唇和总唇红面积）。构建了三个体积测量值（上唇、下唇和总唇红）的空间偏差，进行定量分析。构建彩色位移图进行定性评估，以可视化软组织位移。
治疗组的口高和人中宽度分别显著降低（分别为-0.93mm 和-1.08mm，p=0.008 和 p=0.027），而口宽无显著变化（p=0.488）。治疗组下唇和总唇红表面积分别显著减小（分别为-51.00mm 和-69.82mm，p=0.003 和 p=0.031），而上唇无显著变化（p=0.752）。在治疗组中，彩色位移图显示明显的退缩，三个唇红体积测量值发生显著变化（p=0.012、p=0.001 和 p=0.004）。在线性、面积和体积测量方面，治疗组与非治疗组之间存在显著差异。
本研究建立了一种定性和定量评估唇红的方法。发现正畸拔牙治疗后唇红有明显的 3D 退缩，上唇和下唇的形态变化。
