Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Graduate School of Advanced Health Science, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 19;11(1):6464. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85909-9.
Japanese pepper, Zanthoxylum piperitum, is native to Japan and has four well-known lineages (Asakura, Takahara, Budou, and Arima), which are named after their production area or morphology. Restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) was used to analyse 93 accessions from various areas, including these four lineages. Single nucleotide variant analysis was used to classify the plants into eight groups: the Asakura and Arima lineages each had two groups, the Takahara and Budou lineages each had one group, and two additional groups were present. In one Asakura group and two Arima groups, the plants were present in agricultural fields and mountains, thus representing the early stage of domestication of the Japanese pepper. The second Asakura lineage group was closely related to plants present in various areas, and this represents the second stage of domestication of this plant because, after early domestication, genetically related lineages with desirable traits spread to the periphery. These results demonstrate that domestication of Japanese pepper is ongoing. In addition, this study shows that spineless plants are polyphyletic, despite the spineless lineage being considered a subspecies of Japanese pepper.
日本胡椒，Zanthoxylum piperitum，原产于日本，有四个著名的谱系（朝仓、高比、布斗和有马），它们是以其产地或形态命名的。利用基于限制性位点的 DNA 测序（RAD-Seq）对来自不同地区的 93 个样本进行了分析，包括这四个谱系。单核苷酸变异分析将这些植物分为八个组：朝仓和有马谱系各有两组，高比和布斗谱系各有一组，另外还有两组。在一个朝仓组和两个有马组中，植物存在于农田和山区，因此代表了日本胡椒早期驯化的阶段。第二个朝仓谱系组与存在于不同地区的植物密切相关，这代表了该植物第二阶段的驯化，因为在早期驯化后，具有理想特性的遗传相关谱系会向周边地区扩散。这些结果表明，日本胡椒的驯化仍在继续。此外，本研究表明，无刺植物是多系的，尽管无刺谱系被认为是日本胡椒的一个亚种。
