Liu Hou-Feng, Xu Wei, Wei Min, Sui Xiao, Xu Peng-Ju, Li Ming-Yan, Zhang Mei-Gen
College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, China.
Environmental Technology and Policy Research Center, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Mar 8;42(3):1215-1227. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202007246.
In this work, the relationships between air quality and pollutant emissions were investigated during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong Province. During the quarantine period (from January 24 to February 7, 2020), the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants decreased significantly relative to the period before controls were imposed (from January 15 to 23, 2020). Specifically, except for an increase in the concentration of O, concentrations of PM, PM, NO, SO, and CO decreased for 72.6 μg·m (45.86%), 47.4 μg·m(41.24%), 25.6 μg·m (58.00%), 3.0 μg·m (17.71%), and 0.5 mg·m (31.40%), respectively. RAMS-CMAQ simulation showed that meteorological diffusion had an essential role in improving air quality. Influenced by meteorological factors, emissions of PM, PM, NO, SO and CO were reduced 26.04%, 33.03%, 28.35%, 43.27%, and 23.29%, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrations of PM, PM, NO, SO, and CO were reduced by 19.82%, 8.21%, 29.65%, -25.56%, and 8.12%, respectively, due to pollution emissions reductions during the quarantine period. O concentrations increased by 20.51% during quarantine, caused by both meteorological factors (10.47%) and human activities (10.04%). These results indicate that primary pollutants were more sensitive to emissions reductions; however, secondary pollutants demonstrated a lagged response the emissions reduction and were significantly affected by meteorological factors. The linear relationship between ozone and the emissions reduction was not significant, and was inverse overall. Further investigation are now required on the impact of emissions reduction on ozone pollution control.
本研究调查了山东省新冠疫情期间空气质量与污染物排放之间的关系。在隔离期（2020年1月24日至2月7日），大气污染物浓度相对于管控措施实施前的时期（2020年1月15日至23日）显著下降。具体而言，除O浓度有所增加外，PM、PM、NO、SO和CO浓度分别下降了72.6μg·m（45.86%）、47.4μg·m（41.24%）、25.6μg·m（58.00%）、3.0μg·m（17.71%）和0.5mg·m（31.40%）。RAMS-CMAQ模拟表明，气象扩散对改善空气质量起着至关重要的作用。受气象因素影响，PM、PM、NO、SO和CO的排放量分别减少了26.04%、33.03%、28.35%、43.27%和23.29%。此外，由于隔离期内污染排放减少，PM、PM、NO、SO和CO的浓度分别降低了19.82%、8.21%、29.65%、-25.56%和8.12%。隔离期间O浓度增加了20.51%，这是由气象因素（10.47%）和人类活动（10.04%）共同导致的。这些结果表明，一次污染物对排放减少更为敏感；然而，二次污染物对排放减少表现出滞后响应，并且受气象因素影响显著。臭氧与排放减少之间的线性关系不显著，总体呈负相关。目前需要进一步研究排放减少对臭氧污染控制的影响。
