Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Malar J. 2021 Mar 21;20(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03700-7.
Relapses of Plasmodium vivax malaria are prevented by 8-aminoquinolines. If hypnozoites survive, then the subsequent blood stage infections in early relapses (< 2 months) are suppressed by the slowly eliminated anti-malarial drugs used to treat the blood stage infection (chloroquine, artemisinin combination treatments), but they are not usually eliminated. The 8-aminoquinolines have significant blood stage activity which contributes to therapeutic responses. The latent interval from primary infection to early relapse depends on the number of activatable hypnozoites, the dose of anti-malarial, its pharmacokinetic properties, the level of resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration) and immunity. The dose-response relationship for radical curative efficacy of primaquine and tafenoquine is steep over the total dose range from 1.5 to 5 mg base/kg which may explain the poor efficacy of tafenoquine at the currently recommended dose.
8-氨基喹啉可预防间日疟原虫的复发。如果休眠子存活，那么随后在早期复发（<2 个月）中的早期血期感染将被用于治疗血期感染的缓慢消除的抗疟药物（氯喹、青蒿素联合治疗）所抑制，但它们通常不会被消除。8-氨基喹啉对血期具有显著的活性，有助于治疗反应。从初次感染到早期复发的潜伏期取决于可激活休眠子的数量、抗疟药物的剂量、其药代动力学特性、耐药性（最小抑制浓度）和免疫力。伯氨喹和他非诺喹根治疗效的剂量反应关系在总剂量范围从 1.5 至 5mg 碱基/kg 内是陡峭的，这可能解释了他非诺喹在目前推荐剂量下疗效不佳的原因。
