Dong Jiangtao, Liu Xiaoqing, Chen Yuxia, Yang Wenchao, Du Xuezhong
Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
School of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2021 Jul 15;594:20-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.001. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Nanopesticides are selected as one of ten chemical innovations that will change our world. Carboxylated porous carbon nanoparticles (PCNs) were used to encapsulate water-insoluble pesticides and subsequently capped with chitosan (CS) to prepare the CS-gated PCN (PCN@CS) nanopesticides for the controlled release of pesticides in response to acidic pH and elevated temperature with good fungicidal efficacy. To resolve the issue of gastrointestinal absorption of PQ upon ingestion of PQ formulation, it is an innovative strategy to select the carboxylated PCNs as the paraquat (PQ) nanocarriers to inhibit PQ release in the gastrointestinal tract from the origin. The PQ-loaded PCN@CS nanoherbicides showed very low cytotoxicity to human normal cells and high survival rate in mice because the strong π-π interactions between the electron-deficient PQ and the electron-rich PCNs almost inhibited the release of PQ at both acidic and alkaline pH values. The controlled release of PQ from the nanoherbicides was realized at elevated temperatures owing to the weakening of the strong π-π interactions, aiming to eliminate weeds via the photothermal effect of PCNs under natural sunlight. The user-safe PCN-based PQ formulation can inhibit PQ release in the gastrointestinal tract and keep the PQ herbicidal efficacy in the practical application.
纳米农药被选为将改变我们世界的十大化学创新之一。羧化多孔碳纳米颗粒（PCNs）被用于封装水不溶性农药，随后用壳聚糖（CS）进行封端，以制备CS门控的PCN（PCN@CS）纳米农药，用于在酸性pH值和温度升高时控制农药释放，并具有良好的杀菌效果。为了解决摄入百草枯（PQ）制剂后PQ在胃肠道吸收的问题，选择羧化PCNs作为百草枯（PQ）纳米载体，从源头上抑制PQ在胃肠道中的释放，这是一种创新策略。负载PQ的PCN@CS纳米除草剂对人类正常细胞显示出极低的细胞毒性，并且在小鼠中具有高存活率，因为缺电子的PQ与富电子的PCNs之间的强π-π相互作用几乎在酸性和碱性pH值下都抑制了PQ的释放。由于强π-π相互作用减弱，在高温下实现了PQ从纳米除草剂中的控释，旨在通过PCNs在自然阳光下的光热效应消除杂草。基于PCN的用户安全PQ制剂可以在胃肠道中抑制PQ释放，并在实际应用中保持PQ的除草效果。
