Aregawi Weldegebrial G, Gutema Fikadu, Tesfaye Juhar, Sorsa Abel, Megersa Brehanu, Teshome Philimon, Agga Getahun E, Ashenafi Hagos
Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mekhoni Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 47, Tigray, Mekhoni Ethiopia.
J Parasit Dis. 2021 Mar;45(1):131-136. doi: 10.1007/s12639-020-01289-3. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
Diminazene diaceturate (DIM) and isometamidium chloride hydrochloride (ISMM) have been widely used for the treatment of animal trypanosomosis. We evaluated the efficacy of standard doses of DIM and ISMM followed by their double doses for the treatment of in experimentally infected mice. A strain obtained from a naturally infected camel in Afar was used. 25 swiss white mice randomly divided in to five groups were inoculated with 0.2 mL of blood containing 10 trypanosomes. At the peak of parasitemia (≈ 2 weeks post infection), groups A and B were treated with the standard dose (3.5 mg/kg body weight [BWT]) of DIM; groups C and D were treated with the standard dose (0.5 mg/kg BWT) of ISMM; and group E served as infected control. In the DIM standard dose groups, relapses and peak parasitemia were observed 20- and 25-days post treatment respectively. Similarly, relapses and peak parasitemia were observed 21- and 27-days post treatment in the ISMM standard dose groups. All mice in the control group died within two weeks post infection. Following relapses, mice were treated with the double doses of DIM (7 mg/kg BWT) or ISMM (1 mg/kg BWT). Parasitemia was not detected for 3 months following the double dose treatments. Following dexamethasone administration for 7 days, all but one mouse in the DIM group remained negative for another month. In general, although the strain was resistant to the standard doses of DIM and ISMM their double doses completely cleared the infection.
双乙酰氨苯脒（DIM）和盐酸异美汀（ISMM）已被广泛用于治疗动物锥虫病。我们评估了标准剂量的DIM和ISMM及其双倍剂量对实验感染小鼠的治疗效果。使用了从阿法尔地区一只自然感染骆驼身上获得的菌株。将25只瑞士小白鼠随机分为五组，每组接种0.2 mL含10个锥虫的血液。在寄生虫血症高峰期（感染后约2周），A组和B组用标准剂量（3.5 mg/kg体重[BWT]）的DIM治疗；C组和D组用标准剂量（0.5 mg/kg BWT）的ISMM治疗；E组作为感染对照组。在DIM标准剂量组中，分别在治疗后20天和25天观察到复发和寄生虫血症高峰。同样，在ISMM标准剂量组中，分别在治疗后21天和27天观察到复发和寄生虫血症高峰。对照组所有小鼠在感染后两周内死亡。复发后，小鼠用双倍剂量的DIM（7 mg/kg BWT）或ISMM（1 mg/kg BWT）治疗。双倍剂量治疗后3个月未检测到寄生虫血症。在给予地塞米松7天后，DIM组除一只小鼠外，其余小鼠在接下来的一个月内仍呈阴性。总体而言，尽管该菌株对标准剂量的DIM和ISMM有抗性，但它们的双倍剂量完全清除了感染。
