Wojtyla Cezary, Wojtyla-Buciora Paulina, Ciebiera Michal, Orzechowski Stanisław, Wojtyla Andrzej
European Observatory of Health Inequalities, State University of Applied Sciences, Kalisz, Poland.
Department of Oncological Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Arch Med Sci. 2018 Nov 15;17(2):352-360. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2018.79629. eCollection 2021.
Smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Data on the correlation between passive maternal smoking and pregnancy outcomes remain limited. We investigated the effect of active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during pregnancy on neonatal birthweight, including the risk for low birthweight (LBW).
The study was conducted between 2010 and 2012. A group of 8625 women were surveyed during postpartum hospitalization. Outcome measures included mean birthweight of newborns. Additionally, odds ratios with confidence intervals were calculated to investigate the risk for LBW in active and passive smoking groups of mothers.
Lower birthweight (46 g - 307 g; < 0.05) and a higher risk for LBW (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.05-1.75; < 0.05) were observed in all infants born to smoking mothers. A negative effect of ETS in pregnancy on the reduction of mean birthweight was also found. Additionally, we analyzed the cumulative effect of active and passive smoking on neonatal birthweight. A statistically significant reduction in neonatal weight at birth was found in a group of women who smoked actively and passively during pregnancy (130 g; < 0.05).
Smoking is associated with decreased birthweight and in a group of active smoking mothers increased risk for LBW. This effect is dose-dependent and is also present in a group of women who smoked before pregnancy. There is also a cumulative effect of active smoking and ETS causing decreased neonatal birthweight and increased risk for low birthweight.
孕期吸烟是不良妊娠结局的一个风险因素。关于被动吸烟与妊娠结局之间相关性的数据仍然有限。我们研究了孕期主动吸烟和环境烟草烟雾（ETS）对新生儿出生体重的影响，包括低出生体重（LBW）风险。
该研究于2010年至2012年进行。在产后住院期间对8625名女性进行了调查。结局指标包括新生儿的平均出生体重。此外，计算了置信区间的比值比，以调查母亲主动吸烟和被动吸烟组中低出生体重的风险。
在吸烟母亲所生的所有婴儿中，观察到出生体重较低（46克 - 307克；<0.05）以及低出生体重风险较高（OR = 1.35，95% CI：1.05 - 1.75；<0.05）。还发现孕期环境烟草烟雾对平均出生体重降低有负面影响。此外，我们分析了主动吸烟和被动吸烟对新生儿出生体重的累积影响。在孕期主动和被动吸烟的一组女性中，发现出生时新生儿体重有统计学显著降低（130克；<0.05）。
吸烟与出生体重降低有关，在一组主动吸烟母亲中低出生体重风险增加。这种影响是剂量依赖性的，并且在孕前吸烟的一组女性中也存在。主动吸烟和环境烟草烟雾还存在累积效应，导致新生儿出生体重降低和低出生体重风险增加。
