Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, PO Box 2208, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece.
Eur J Pediatr. 2010 Jun;169(6):741-8. doi: 10.1007/s00431-009-1107-9. Epub 2009 Dec 2.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a significant threat to the fetus. We examined the association between active maternal smoking and smoking cessation during early pregnancy with newborn somatometrics and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight, and fetal growth restriction. One thousand four hundred mother-child pairs with extensive questionnaire data were followed up until delivery, within the context of a population-based mother-child cohort study (Rhea study), in Crete, Greece, 2007-2008. Comparing smokers to nonsmokers, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7, 4.6] for low birth weight and 2.6 (95%CI: 1.6, 4.2) for fetal growth restriction. This corresponded to a 119-g reduction in birth weight, a 0.53-cm reduction in length, and a 0.35-cm reduction in head circumference. Smoking cessation early during pregnancy modified significantly these pregnancy outcomes indicating the necessity for primary smoking prevention.
孕妇吸烟对胎儿有重大威胁。我们研究了孕妇在妊娠早期主动吸烟和戒烟与新生儿体格发育和不良妊娠结局（包括早产、低出生体重和胎儿生长受限）之间的关系。在 2007-2008 年于希腊克里特岛开展的一项基于人群的母婴队列研究（Rhea 研究）中，我们对 1400 对母婴对进行了广泛的问卷调查，并随访至分娩。与不吸烟者相比，调整后的比值比（OR）为 2.8（95%置信区间（CI）：1.7，4.6），低出生体重和胎儿生长受限的 OR 分别为 2.6（95%CI：1.6，4.2）。这相当于出生体重降低 119 克，身长降低 0.53 厘米，头围降低 0.35 厘米。妊娠早期戒烟显著改善了这些妊娠结局，表明有必要进行初级戒烟预防。
