King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Mar 5;2021:4572471. doi: 10.1155/2021/4572471. eCollection 2021.
The brain is a sexually dimorphic organ that implies different functions and structures depending on sex. Current pharmacological approaches against different neurological diseases act distinctly in male and female brains. In all neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), sex-related outcomes regarding pathogenesis, prevalence, and response to treatments indicate that sex differences are important for precise diagnosis and therapeutic strategy. Pathogenesis of AD includes vascular dementia, and in most cases, this is accompanied by metabolic complications with similar features as those assembled in diabetes. This review discusses how AD-associated dementia and diabetes affect cognition in relation to sex difference, as both diseases share similar pathological mechanisms. We highlight potential protective strategies to mitigate amyloid-beta (A) pathogenesis, emphasizing how these drugs act in the male and female brains.
大脑是一个性别二态器官，其功能和结构因性别而异。目前针对不同神经疾病的药物治疗方法在男性和女性大脑中的作用明显不同。在所有神经退行性疾病中，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD），发病机制、患病率和对治疗的反应方面的性别相关结果表明，性别差异对于精确诊断和治疗策略很重要。AD 的发病机制包括血管性痴呆，在大多数情况下，这伴随着具有与糖尿病相似特征的代谢并发症。这篇综述讨论了 AD 相关痴呆症和糖尿病如何因性别差异而影响认知，因为这两种疾病具有相似的病理机制。我们强调了一些潜在的保护策略来减轻淀粉样蛋白-β（A）的发病机制，强调了这些药物在男性和女性大脑中的作用。
