Academic Group of Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Scientific Research, Juárez University of the State of Durango, Durango, Mexico.
Department of Public Health, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Front Public Health. 2021 Mar 3;9:536176. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.536176. eCollection 2021.
Family eating behavior is determined by the meaning that the caretaker gives to food and the act of eating in the domestic environment, as well as the beliefs and perceptions around those concepts. Identify the place that nutrition has within the dimensions of child care, the specific weight that the caregiver gives to it within the range of actions deployed and if there are differences when the child exhibits neurodevelopmental disorders, as a contribution to the design of interventions in health promotion. Qualitative, exploratory, two-stage study, with the approach of cognitive anthropology; proposal sampling of maximum differences, 121 informants participated in three groups, caregivers of: (1) healthy children, (2) children who had been hospitalized between 3 and 6 months prior to the time of the interview, and (3) children with a diagnosis of permanent neurological injury and that express some type of neurodevelopmental disorder. Nourishment is the element that reaches the highest values of cultural relevance in the three groups, is located in different domains according to the condition of the care receiver. The common domains are Well-being, Health Maintenance, Coexistence, and Security, in the 3rd group the domain of Socialization emerges, the elements that make up the conceptual dimensions were identified, the comparative design allowed to identify differences. The description of the domains can represent the cognitive spaces of educational intervention and the elements that configure them are the triggers of the interaction, due to the importance they are given in everyday life.
家庭的饮食行为取决于照顾者赋予食物和家庭环境中进食行为的意义，以及围绕这些概念的信念和认知。确定营养在儿童保健维度中的地位，照顾者在其所采取的行动范围内赋予它的具体权重，以及在儿童表现出神经发育障碍时是否存在差异，这有助于设计促进健康的干预措施。这是一项定性、探索性、两阶段的研究，采用认知人类学方法；采用最大差异的提案抽样，共有 121 名受访者分三组参与：（1）健康儿童的照顾者，（2）在接受访谈前 3 至 6 个月住院的儿童的照顾者，以及（3）患有永久性神经损伤并表现出某种类型的神经发育障碍的儿童的照顾者。在这三组中，营养是文化相关性最高的元素，根据照顾接受者的情况，它位于不同的领域。共同的领域是幸福、健康维护、共存和安全，在第 3 组中出现了社会化领域，确定了构成概念维度的元素，比较设计允许识别差异。这些领域的描述可以代表教育干预的认知空间，而构成它们的元素是互动的触发因素，因为它们在日常生活中具有重要意义。
