Kalu Chimdi Mang, Oduor Ogola Henry Joseph, Selvarajan Ramganesh, Tekere Memory, Ntushelo Khayalethu
Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus; Roodepoort, 1709, South Africa.
Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus; Roodepoort, 1709, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2021 Mar 8;7(3):e06399. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06399. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Symbiotic associations with rhizospheric microbial communities coupled with the production of metabolites are key adaptive mechanisms by metallophytes to overcome metal stress. However, little is known about pseudometallophyte interactions with fungal community despite commonly being applied in wetland phytoremediation of acid mine drainage (AMD). In this study, fungal community diversity and metabolomes production by rhizosphere and root endosphere of growing under three different AMD pollution gradient were analyzed. Our results highlight the following: 1) and were dominant phyla, but the diversity and richness of taxa were lower within AMD sites with , , , , , , and being enriched in the root endosphere and rhizosphere in AMD sites than non-AMD site; 2) non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of 73 metabolomes revealed spatially defined metabolite exudation by distinct root parts (rhizosphere endosphere) rather than AMD sites, with significant variability occurring within the rhizosphere correlating to pH, TDS, Fe, Cr, Cu and Zn content changes; 3) canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) confirmed specific rhizospheric fungal taxonomic changes are driven by pH, TDS, heavy metals, and stress-related metabolomes produced. This is the first report that gives a snapshot on the complex endophytic and rhizospheric fungal community structure and metabolites perturbations that may be key in the adaptability and metal phytoremediation by under AMD environment.
与根际微生物群落的共生关系以及代谢产物的产生是金属植物克服金属胁迫的关键适应机制。然而，尽管假金属植物常用于酸性矿山排水（AMD）的湿地植物修复，但关于其与真菌群落的相互作用却知之甚少。在本研究中，分析了在三种不同AMD污染梯度下生长的植物根际和根内真菌群落多样性及代谢组学情况。我们的结果突出了以下几点：1） 和 是优势门，但在AMD污染场地中分类群的多样性和丰富度较低，在AMD污染场地的根内和根际中富集的 、 、 、 、 、 和 比非AMD污染场地少；2） 对73种代谢组进行的非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS）表明，不同根部位（根际与根内）存在空间定义的代谢物渗出，而非AMD污染场地，根际内的显著变异性与pH、总溶解固体（TDS）、铁、铬、铜和锌含量变化相关；3） 典范对应分析（CCA）证实，特定的根际真菌分类学变化是由pH、TDS、重金属以及产生的与胁迫相关的代谢组驱动的。这是第一份关于复杂的内生和根际真菌群落结构以及代谢物扰动的报告，这些可能是植物在AMD环境下适应性和金属植物修复的关键。
