Shin Min-Kyoo, Vázquez-Rosa Edwin, Cintrón-Pérez Coral J, Riegel William A, Harper Matthew M, Ritzel David, Pieper Andrew A
Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Neurotrauma Rep. 2021 Jan 5;2(1):1-13. doi: 10.1089/neur.2020.0020. eCollection 2021.
The jet-flow overpressure chamber (OPC) has been previously reported as a model of blast-mediated traumatic brain injury (bTBI). However, rigorous characterization of the features of this injury apparatus shows that it fails to recapitulate exposure to an isolated blast wave. Through combined experimental and computational modeling analysis of gas-dynamic flow conditions, we show here that the jet-flow OPC produces a collimated high-speed jet flow with extreme dynamic pressure that delivers a severe compressive impulse. Variable rupture dynamics of the diaphragm through which the jet flow originates also generate a weak and infrequent shock front. In addition, there is a component of acceleration-deceleration injury to the head as it is agitated in the headrest. Although not a faithful model of free-field blast exposure, the jet-flow OPC produces a complex multi-modal model of TBI that can be useful in laboratory investigation of putative TBI therapies and fundamental neurophysiological processes after brain injury.
射流超压室（OPC）此前已被报道为爆炸介导的创伤性脑损伤（bTBI）模型。然而，对该损伤装置特征的严格表征表明，它无法模拟对孤立冲击波的暴露。通过对气体动力学流动条件的实验和计算建模分析相结合，我们在此表明，射流OPC产生具有极高动压的准直高速射流，传递严重的压缩脉冲。射流起源处隔膜的可变破裂动力学也会产生微弱且不频繁的冲击波前沿。此外，头部在头枕中受到搅动时，会受到加速 - 减速损伤。尽管不是自由场爆炸暴露的忠实模型，但射流OPC产生了一种复杂的多模态TBI模型，可用于对假定的TBI治疗方法以及脑损伤后基本神经生理过程的实验室研究。
