Tao Qianyi, Zhu Zhifeng, Ye Sunjie, Lin Gaojian, Chen Hui, Tu Yingfeng, Bai Guanghui, Zhang Lu, Yang Xiaoming
State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
Langmuir. 2021 Apr 6;37(13):4007-4015. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00307. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
Architectural design of hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) plays a vital role in improving their performance and expanding applications. The tailorable synthesis of bumpy or asymmetric HCSs with a refined structure remains a challenge. Herein, bumpy HCSs (BHCSs) and bumpy concave HCSs (BCHCSs) have been engineered. The synthesis involves the formation of a core/shell precursor via the surface polymerization of pyrrole monomers on polystyrene nanoparticles, followed by the controlled pyrolysis process under different conditions. In comparison with HCSs, the concave hollow structure can reduce the excessive interior cavity and maintain prevalent merits of hollow structures; the bumpy shell can improve the surface area and number of active sites, thus improving the kinetics as energy storage devices. As a result, among BCHCSs, BHCSs, and HCSs, BCHCSs exhibit optimal electrochemical performance. The lithium-ion hybrid capacitors employing BCHCSs as an anode can deliver an energy density of 0.2182 kW h kg at a power density of 0.2235 kW kg. Overall, this study provides an innovative design and strategy for constructing unique carbon nano-architectures for energy storage.
中空碳球（HCSs）的结构设计在提升其性能及拓展应用方面起着至关重要的作用。可定制合成具有精细结构的凹凸不平或不对称的HCSs仍然是一项挑战。在此，已设计出了凹凸不平的中空碳球（BHCSs）和凹凸不平的凹面中空碳球（BCHCSs）。合成过程包括通过吡咯单体在聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒上的表面聚合形成核/壳前驱体，随后在不同条件下进行可控热解过程。与HCSs相比，凹面中空结构可以减少过多的内部空腔并保持中空结构的普遍优点；凹凸不平的壳层可以增加表面积和活性位点数量，从而改善作为储能装置时的动力学性能。因此，在BCHCSs、BHCSs和HCSs中，BCHCSs表现出最佳的电化学性能。采用BCHCSs作为阳极的锂离子混合电容器在功率密度为0.2235 kW kg时可提供0.2182 kW h kg的能量密度。总体而言，本研究为构建用于储能的独特碳纳米结构提供了一种创新设计和策略。
