Area of Research and Development of Health Professions, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.
S. Luca Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2022 Mar;36(1):142-149. doi: 10.1111/scs.12971. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Nurses' professional values (NPVs) and self-efficacy (SE) are two fundamental elements in nursing care that influence its professional identity, competences, resulting in changing the behaviour of professionals and their response to the patient's health needs. The various studies produced so far have not investigated a possible relationship between these two areas. Therefore, the objective of the following study is to identify and deepen the relationship between NPV and SE, in order to improve the knowledge of these issues.
An observational, correlational and multicentric study has been carried out through a questionnaire based survey. The sampling was conventional. The data collection took place through Nursing Professional Values Scale, version 3 (NPVS-3), which investigates professional values; and Nursing Professional Self-Efficacy Scale (NPSES), which investigates self-efficacy and a socio-demographic questionnaire.
The total sample was 532 nurses and 65.6% was female, with a median age of 42 years and a median of 15 working years. Positive statistically significant correlations between the various domains of the NPVS-3 and NPSES scales were found. These relationships also emerged in the analyses between geographical areas. Overall, the relationships between self-efficacy and values were similar in all the analyses.
As the professional values of nurses increase in their response to the patient's health needs, self-efficacy perceived by them increases and vice versa, significantly effecting the clinic and care outcomes of the patients and improving nursing outcomes. The stratification of the sample by geographical area regarding the relationship between age, years of work and professional values indicated that these variables strongly influence the NPV and SE of nurses. Therefore, in some contexts, more support in maintaining a stable value structure may be needed; moreover, it is necessary to incentivise nurses with more effective interventions, as an example and a basis of motivation for future generations.
护士的专业价值观（NPVs）和自我效能感（SE）是护理中两个基本要素，影响其专业身份和能力，进而改变专业人员的行为及其对患者健康需求的反应。迄今为止，各种研究尚未调查这两个领域之间的可能关系。因此，本研究的目的是确定和深化 NPV 和 SE 之间的关系，以提高对这些问题的认识。
通过基于问卷的调查进行了一项观察性、相关性和多中心研究。采用常规抽样。通过护理专业价值观量表 3 版（NPVS-3）和护理专业自我效能感量表（NPSES）进行问卷调查，前者用于调查专业价值观，后者用于调查自我效能感和社会人口学问卷。
总样本为 532 名护士，其中 65.6%为女性，中位数年龄为 42 岁，中位数工作年限为 15 年。NPVS-3 和 NPSES 量表的各个领域之间存在正的统计学显著相关性。这些关系也出现在地理区域之间的分析中。总体而言，自我效能感与价值观之间的关系在所有分析中都相似。
随着护士在响应患者健康需求方面的专业价值观的提高，他们感知到的自我效能感也会提高，反之亦然，这显著影响了患者的临床和护理结果，并改善了护理结果。对地理区域样本的分层分析表明，年龄、工作年限和专业价值观等变量对护士的 NPV 和 SE 有很大影响。因此，在某些情况下，可能需要更多的支持来维持稳定的价值结构；此外，有必要通过更有效的干预措施激励护士，作为对未来几代人的榜样和激励基础。
