Department of Applied Social Sciences, 26680The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
Department of Psychology, 59193University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
Evol Psychol. 2021 Jan-Mar;19(1):14747049211000714. doi: 10.1177/14747049211000714.
It is puzzling why countries do not all implement stringent behavioral control measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 even though preventive behaviors have been proven to be the only effective means to stop the pandemic. We provide a novel evolutionary life history explanation whereby pathogenic and parasitic prevalence represents intrinsic rather than extrinsic mortality risk that drives slower life history strategies and the related disease control motivation in all animals but especially humans. Our theory was tested and supported based on publicly available data involving over 150 countries. Countries having a higher historical prevalence of infectious diseases are found to adopt slower life history strategies that are related to prompter COVID-19 containment actions by the government and greater compliance by the population. Findings could afford governments novel insight into the design of more effective COVID-19 strategies that are based on enhancing a sense of control, vigilance, and compliance in the general population.
令人费解的是,尽管预防行为已被证明是阻止大流行的唯一有效手段,但为什么各国不都实施严格的行为控制措施来防止 COVID-19 的传播。我们提供了一种新颖的进化生活史解释,即病原体和寄生虫的流行代表内在而不是外在的死亡率风险,这种风险推动了所有动物(尤其是人类)更慢的生活史策略和相关的疾病控制动机。我们的理论是基于涉及 150 多个国家的公开可用数据进行测试和支持的。研究发现,历史上传染病流行率较高的国家采用了更慢的生活史策略,这与政府更快地控制 COVID-19 和民众更高的合规性有关。这些发现可以为政府提供新的视角,设计更有效的 COVID-19 策略,这些策略基于增强民众的控制感、警惕性和合规性。