Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2021 Sep 1;13(9):a037879. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037879.
Conventional CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes comprise a mixture of naive and memory cells. Generation and survival of these T-cell subsets is under strict homeostatic control and reflects contact with self-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and certain cytokines. Naive T cells arise in the thymus via T-cell receptor (TCR)-dependent positive selection to self-peptide/MHC complexes and are then maintained in the periphery through self-MHC interaction plus stimulation via interleukin-7 (IL-7). By contrast, memory T cells are largely MHC-independent for their survival but depend strongly on stimulation via cytokines. Whereas typical memory T cells are generated in response to foreign antigens, some arise spontaneously through contact of naive precursors with self-MHC ligands; we refer to these cells as memory-phenotype (MP) T cells. In this review, we discuss the generation and homeostasis of naive T cells and these two types of memory T cells, focusing on their relative interaction with MHC ligands and cytokines.
常规的 CD4 和 CD8 T 淋巴细胞由幼稚细胞和记忆细胞的混合物组成。这些 T 细胞亚群的生成和存活受到严格的体内平衡控制，并反映了与自身主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）和某些细胞因子的接触。幼稚 T 细胞通过 T 细胞受体（TCR）依赖性阳性选择在胸腺中产生，以与自身肽/MHC 复合物结合，然后通过自身 MHC 相互作用和白细胞介素-7（IL-7）的刺激在周围组织中维持。相比之下，记忆 T 细胞的存活在很大程度上与其 MHC 无关，但强烈依赖于细胞因子的刺激。虽然典型的记忆 T 细胞是针对外来抗原产生的，但有些细胞是通过幼稚前体细胞与自身 MHC 配体的接触而自发产生的；我们将这些细胞称为记忆表型（MP）T 细胞。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了幼稚 T 细胞和这两种记忆 T 细胞的生成和体内平衡，重点讨论了它们与 MHC 配体和细胞因子的相对相互作用。
