College of Information Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Mar;32(3):913-920. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.022.
Accurate simulation of dry matter accumulation in wheat grains can provide important technical support for regulating wheat production in hilly areas of Loess Plateau. Using the APSIM model, we analyzed dryland wheat grain dry matter accumulation and distribution using the meteorological data from 1971 to 2017 in Anding District, and the field test data from 2016 to 2017 in Anjiagou Village, Fengxiang Town, Anding District, Dingxi City, Gansu Province. Furthermore, the influence of sowing date and tillage method on dry matter accumulation of wheat grain was quantitatively analyzed on the basis of model validation. The results showed that the root mean square error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured values of grain dry matter was 57.5-143.1 kg·hm and the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) was 1.4%-9.9% under the three sowing dates and four tillage methods, respectively. The precision of the APSIM model was satisfactory. Under different sowing dates, the order for beneficial degree of tillage treatment to dry matter accumulation in wheat grains was no tillage with straw cover > conventional tillage with straw cover > no tillage > conventional tillage. The treatment of no tillage with straw covered was the most favora-ble to dry matter accumulation in wheat grains, with no significant difference between no tillage and conventional tillage treatments. Under different farming methods, early sowing was better than normal sowing and late sowing for the dry matter accumulation process of wheat. Late sowing had stronger impacts on dry matter accumulation, with the least ideal accumulation process.
准确模拟小麦籽粒干物质积累可以为黄土高原旱作区小麦生产调控提供重要技术支撑。利用 APSIM 模型，采用 1971-2017 年安定区气象资料和 2016-2017 年安定区凤翔镇安家沟村大田试验资料，对旱地小麦籽粒干物质积累与分配进行模拟，并在模型验证的基础上，定量分析了播期和耕作方式对小麦籽粒干物质积累的影响。结果表明，在 3 个播期、4 种耕作方式下，籽粒干物质模拟值与实测值的均方根误差（RMSE）为 57.5-143.1 kg·hm-2，归一化均方根误差（NRMSE）为 1.4%-9.9%。APSIM 模型模拟精度较高。不同播期下，小麦籽粒干物质积累的耕作处理效益大小顺序为：秸秆覆盖免耕>秸秆覆盖常规耕>秸秆覆盖免耕>秸秆覆盖常规耕。秸秆覆盖免耕处理最有利于小麦籽粒干物质积累，与常规耕无显著差异。不同耕作方式下，早播有利于小麦干物质积累过程，正常播次之，晚播最差。晚播对干物质积累影响最强，积累过程最不理想。
