Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Center for Communication Science, Research Triangle International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021 Mar 23;9(3):e21128. doi: 10.2196/21128.
Video is a versatile and popular medium for digital health interventions. As mobile device and app technology advances, it is likely that video-based interventions will become increasingly common. Although clinic waiting rooms are complex and busy environments, they offer the opportunity to facilitate engagement with video-based digital interventions as patients wait to see their providers. However, to increase efficiency in public health, leverage the scalability and low cost of implementing digital interventions, and keep up with rapidly advancing technology and user needs, more design and development guidance is needed for video-based tailored interventions.
We provide a tutorial for digital intervention researchers and developers to efficiently design and develop video-based tailored digital health interventions. We describe the challenges and solutions encountered with Positive Health Check (PHC), a hybrid app used to deliver a brief, interactive, individually tailored video-based HIV behavioral counseling intervention. PHC uses video clips and multimedia digital assets to deliver intervention content, including interactive tailored messages and graphics, a repurposed animated video, and patient and provider handouts generated in real time by PHC.
We chronicle multiple challenges and solutions for the following: (1) using video as a medium to enhance user engagement, (2) navigating the complexity of linking a database of video clips with other digital assets, and (3) identifying the main steps involved in building an app that will seamlessly deliver to users individually tailored messages, graphics, and handouts.
We leveraged video to enhance user engagement by featuring "video doctors," full-screen video, storyboards, and streamlined scripts. We developed an approach to link the database of video clips with other digital assets through script coding and flow diagrams of algorithms to deliver a tailored user experience. We identified the steps to app development by using keyframes to design the integration of video and digital assets, using agile development methods to gather iterative feedback from multidisciplinary teams, and creating an intelligent data-driven back-end solution to tailor message delivery to individual users.
Video-based digital health interventions will continue to play an important role in the future of HIV prevention and treatment, as well as other clinical health practices. However, facilitating the adoption of an HIV video intervention in HIV clinical settings is a work in progress. Our experience in designing and developing PHC presented unique challenges due to the extensive use of a large database of videos tailored individually to each user. Although PHC focuses on promoting the health and well-being of persons with HIV, the challenges and solutions presented in this tutorial are transferable to the design and development of video-based digital health interventions focused on other areas of health.
视频是数字健康干预的一种多功能且流行的媒介。随着移动设备和应用程序技术的进步，基于视频的干预措施可能会变得越来越普遍。尽管诊所候诊室是复杂和繁忙的环境，但它们为在患者等待就诊期间促进基于视频的数字干预措施的参与提供了机会。然而，为了提高公共卫生的效率，利用数字干预措施的可扩展性和低成本，跟上快速发展的技术和用户需求，基于视频的个性化干预措施需要更多的设计和开发指导。
我们为数字干预研究人员和开发人员提供了一个教程，以有效地设计和开发基于视频的个性化数字健康干预措施。我们描述了在 Positive Health Check（PHC）中遇到的挑战和解决方案，这是一种混合应用程序，用于提供简短、互动、个性化的基于视频的 HIV 行为咨询干预措施。PHC 使用视频剪辑和多媒体数字资产来提供干预内容，包括互动式个性化消息和图形、重新制作的动画视频以及由 PHC 实时生成的患者和提供者讲义。
我们记录了以下方面的多个挑战和解决方案：（1）使用视频作为增强用户参与度的媒介，（2）处理将视频剪辑数据库与其他数字资产链接的复杂性，以及（3）确定构建无缝向用户提供个性化消息、图形和讲义的应用程序的主要步骤。
我们利用视频通过特色“视频医生”、全屏视频、故事板和简化脚本来增强用户参与度。我们开发了一种通过脚本编码和算法流程图将视频剪辑数据库与其他数字资产链接的方法，以提供个性化的用户体验。我们通过使用关键帧设计视频和数字资产的集成、使用敏捷开发方法从多学科团队收集迭代反馈以及创建智能数据驱动的后端解决方案来定制消息传递给每个用户，从而确定了应用程序开发的步骤。
基于视频的数字健康干预措施将在未来的 HIV 预防和治疗以及其他临床保健实践中继续发挥重要作用。然而，在 HIV 临床环境中促进 HIV 视频干预措施的采用仍在进行中。我们在设计和开发 PHC 方面的经验由于大量针对每个用户个性化的视频数据库的广泛使用而带来了独特的挑战。尽管 PHC 专注于促进 HIV 感染者的健康和福祉，但本教程中提出的挑战和解决方案可用于设计和开发专注于其他健康领域的基于视频的数字健康干预措施。
