Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,
Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.
Kidney Blood Press Res. 2021;46(2):152-161. doi: 10.1159/000514286. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Vitamin D is a hormone regulating not only calcium and phosphate homeostasis but also, at the same time, exerting many other extraskeletal functions via genomic effects (gene transcription) and probably by non-genomic effects as well. Availability is ensured by dietary intake of its precursors and by de novo production via sunlight. Yet, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are very common across the globe and are connected to many pathophysiological states, for example, diabetes mellitus, allergies, autoimmune diseases, pregnancy complications, and recently have also been associated with worse COVID-19 clinical outcomes.
In this review, we summarize current knowledge about vitamin D metabolism in general, its role in diabetes mellitus (mainly type 2) and diabetic complications (mainly diabetic kidney disease), and potential therapeutic perspectives including vitamin D signalling as a druggable target. Key Messages: Vitamin D is not only a vitamin but also a hormone involved in many physiological processes. Its insufficiency or deficiency can lead to many pathological states.
维生素 D 是一种激素，不仅调节钙和磷的稳态，还通过基因组效应（基因转录）和可能的非基因组效应发挥许多其他骨骼外功能。其前体可通过饮食摄入和阳光照射来合成。然而，维生素 D 缺乏和不足在全球范围内非常普遍，与许多病理生理状态有关，例如糖尿病、过敏、自身免疫性疾病、妊娠并发症，最近还与 COVID-19 临床结局恶化有关。
在这篇综述中，我们总结了维生素 D 代谢的一般知识，其在糖尿病（主要是 2 型糖尿病）和糖尿病并发症（主要是糖尿病肾病）中的作用，以及包括维生素 D 信号作为可治疗靶点在内的潜在治疗前景。
维生素 D 不仅是一种维生素，还是一种参与许多生理过程的激素。其不足或缺乏会导致许多病理状态。
