Hull H F
New Mexico Health and Environment Department, Santa Fe 87504-0968.
Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Mar-Apr;10(2):463-7. doi: 10.1093/clinids/10.2.463.
Analysis of previously collected data from measles outbreaks in three Gambian villages demonstrated that an age of less than 3 years was the primary risk factor for death in the months following measles infection. No association was found between overall measles mortality and size of household or number of measles cases in a household. When the analysis was confined to patients less than 3 years of age (i.e., those most likely to die), measles mortality was strongly associated with the occurrence of more than five measles cases in a household. Intensive exposure to measles virus may, therefore, be a secondary risk factor for death following measles. Reducing measles mortality by altering social patterns and elevating socioeconomic status to reduce exposure to the virus is beyond the scope of most public health programs. Age-appropriate immunization, therefore, remains the principal strategy for preventing death following measles.
对先前收集的来自冈比亚三个村庄麻疹疫情的数据进行分析表明，年龄小于3岁是麻疹感染后数月内死亡的主要危险因素。未发现麻疹总体死亡率与家庭规模或家庭中麻疹病例数之间存在关联。当分析仅限于3岁以下的患者（即最有可能死亡的患者）时，麻疹死亡率与家庭中出现五例以上麻疹病例密切相关。因此，密集接触麻疹病毒可能是麻疹后死亡的次要危险因素。通过改变社会模式和提高社会经济地位以减少病毒暴露来降低麻疹死亡率超出了大多数公共卫生项目的范围。因此，适龄免疫接种仍然是预防麻疹后死亡的主要策略。
