Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Kresge Building Room 718, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University/Vidant Medical Center, 600 Moye Boulevard, MA-350, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Kresge Building, Room 718, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2021 Feb;35(1):57-72. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2020.08.011. Epub 2020 Oct 26.
Please add expansion for AL. Melanoma is the most common fatal type of skin cancer and is an important and growing public health problem in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe. The mortality rate in most of the world has been rising as well, albeit slower than that for incidence. Likely due to the availability of new treatments for stage 4 melanoma, mortality rates in the United States dropped 18% from 2013 to 2016. We further describe trends in melanoma incidence and mortality, review the literature on risk factors, and provide an up-to-date assessment of population-wide screening and some of the inherent concerns.
请对 AL 进行扩展。黑色素瘤是最常见的致命皮肤癌类型，也是美国、澳大利亚、新西兰和欧洲的一个重要且日益严重的公共卫生问题。尽管发病率的上升速度比死亡率快，但在世界上大多数地区，死亡率也一直在上升。可能是由于新的 4 期黑色素瘤治疗方法的出现，美国的死亡率从 2013 年到 2016 年下降了 18%。我们进一步描述了黑色素瘤发病率和死亡率的趋势，回顾了有关危险因素的文献，并对全人群筛查及其一些固有问题进行了最新评估。
