Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1125, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Ann Behav Med. 2021 Nov 18;55(12):1246-1252. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab012.
Everyday discrimination holds pernicious effects across most aspects of health, including a pronounced stress response. However, work is needed on when discrimination predicts sleep outcomes, with respect to potential moderators of these associations.
The current study sought to advance the past literature by examining the associations between everyday discrimination and sleep outcomes in an ethnically diverse sample, allowing tests of moderation by ethnic group. We also examined the role of sense of purpose, a potential resilience factor, as another moderator.
Participants in the Hawaii Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health (n = 758; 52.8% female; mage: 60 years, sd = 2.03) completed assessments for everyday discrimination, sleep duration, daytime dysfunction due to sleep, sleep quality, and sense of purpose.
In the full sample, everyday discrimination was negatively associated with sleep duration, sleep quality, and sense of purpose, while positively associated with daytime dysfunction due to sleep. The associations were similar in magnitude across ethnic groups (Native Hawaiian, White/Caucasian, Japanese/Japanese-American), and were not moderated by sense of purpose, a potential resilience factor.
The ill-effects on health due to everyday discrimination may operate in part on its role in disrupting sleep, an issue that appears to similarly impact several groups. The current research extends these findings to underrepresented groups in the discrimination and sleep literature. Future research is needed to better disentangle the day-to-day associations between sleep and discrimination, and identify which sources of discrimination may be most problematic.
日常歧视对健康的大多数方面都有有害影响，包括明显的应激反应。然而，需要研究歧视何时会对睡眠结果产生预测作用，以及这些关联的潜在调节因素。
本研究通过在一个种族多样化的样本中检验日常歧视与睡眠结果之间的关联，以检验种族群体的调节作用，从而推进过去的文献。我们还研究了目标感的作用，这是一个潜在的恢复力因素，作为另一个调节因素。
夏威夷人格与健康纵向研究（n = 758；52.8%女性；平均年龄：60 岁，标准差 = 2.03）的参与者完成了日常歧视、睡眠持续时间、因睡眠导致的日间功能障碍、睡眠质量和目标感的评估。
在全样本中，日常歧视与睡眠持续时间、睡眠质量和目标感呈负相关，而与因睡眠导致的日间功能障碍呈正相关。这些关联在不同种族群体（夏威夷原住民、白种人/高加索人、日裔美国人/日本人）中的大小相似，且不受目标感（一种潜在的恢复力因素）的调节。
日常歧视对健康的不良影响可能部分是由于其破坏睡眠的作用，而这一问题似乎同样影响到几个群体。本研究将这些发现扩展到歧视和睡眠文献中代表性不足的群体。未来的研究需要更好地厘清睡眠和歧视之间的日常关联，并确定哪些歧视来源可能是最成问题的。
