智能家居 - 通过使用技术辅助系统和传统的行动辅助工具，为居家的老年人和需要护理的人群提供安全和行动能力支持：一项横断面调查。
Smart@home - supporting safety and mobility of elderly and care dependent people in their own homes through the use of technical assistance systems and conventional mobility supporting tools: a cross-sectional survey.
机构信息
Department of Geriatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Geriatrics, Geriatrics Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Straße 61, 13347, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Mar 24;21(1):205. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02118-9.
BACKGROUND
The use of technical solutions and conventional mobility supporting aids can support the independence of people into old age in their own homes. However, we found relatively few empirical investigations on the effects and costs of these systems.
METHODS
The aim of the study was to investigate usability, user satisfaction and the correlation between costs and benefits of different built-in smart home solutions and conventional mobility supporting tools in the home of elderly, partially care-dependent tenants (> 65 years). A cross-sectional survey was conducted from February to March 2018 with tenants of a housing association in apartments equipped with smart home technology and conventional mobility supporting tools. The response rate in the intervention group was n = 37 persons (out of 46 tenants with installed smart home and conventional solutions) and in the control group n = 64 persons (out of 100 tenants without built-in smart home and conventional solutions). Data were collected by a written questionnaire regarding usability and satisfaction of the tenants with the built-in smart home solutions and conventional mobility supporting tools. In addition, both the intervention and the control group were asked general questions about communication, safety and how to deal with the need for long-term care in their own living environment.
RESULTS
Results showed that with regard to usability, satisfaction and price performance ratio of the installed smart home solutions, the installation of the corresponding solutions with an overall score of 1.41 (on a scale of 1 (very good) to 6 (unsatisfactory)) was mostly positively evaluated by the tenants. Overall, users rated the installed smart home solutions better than the conventional mobility supporting tools (such as handholds and increased balcony floor level).
CONCLUSIONS
Analysis of the price performance ratio showed that smart home solutions are generally more expensive than conventional tools, but also contribute significantly to an increased security of the tenants, and thus may enable longer living in a familiar environment. We recommend modularized offers consisting of various components of smart home solutions, since this significantly reduces installation costs and allows for an individual composition according to requirements. Moreover, smart home solutions should be considered to be listed as medical aids.
背景
技术解决方案和传统的移动辅助设备的使用可以支持人们在自己的家中独立生活直到老年。然而，我们发现相对较少的实证研究这些系统的效果和成本。
方法
本研究旨在调查不同内置智能家居解决方案和传统移动辅助工具在有部分依赖护理的老年人（>65 岁）家中的可用性、用户满意度以及成本与效益之间的相关性。2018 年 2 月至 3 月，对配备智能家居技术和传统移动辅助工具的公寓中的住房协会租户进行了横断面调查。干预组的应答率为 n=37 人（46 名安装智能家居和传统解决方案的租户中有 37 人），对照组为 n=64 人（100 名未安装内置智能家居和传统解决方案的租户中有 64 人）。通过书面问卷收集租户对内置智能家居解决方案和传统移动辅助工具的可用性和满意度的数据。此外，干预组和对照组都被问到关于他们在自己的生活环境中沟通、安全以及如何应对长期护理需求的一般问题。
结果
结果表明，就内置智能家居解决方案的可用性、满意度和性价比而言，租户对相应解决方案的安装给予了总体得分为 1.41（满分 1 分（非常好）至 6 分（不满意））的积极评价。总体而言，用户对内置智能家居解决方案的评价高于传统移动辅助工具（如扶手和增加阳台地面高度）。
结论
对性价比的分析表明，智能家居解决方案通常比传统工具更昂贵，但也显著提高了租户的安全性，从而可能使他们能够在熟悉的环境中更长时间地生活。我们建议提供由智能家居解决方案的各种组件组成的模块化产品，因为这可以显著降低安装成本，并根据需求进行个性化组合。此外，应考虑将智能家居解决方案列为医疗辅助设备。
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