Nanduri Bindu, Swiatlo Edwin
Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, 39762, Mississippi State, USA.
Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
Pneumonia (Nathan). 2021 Mar 25;13(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s41479-021-00082-x.
Polyamines are common intracellular metabolites of nearly all cells, and their conservation across a vast diversity of cells suggests critical roles for these compounds in cellular physiology. Most intracellular polyamines are associated with RNA and, subsequently, polyamines have significant effects on transcription and translation. Putrescine and spermidine are the most common polyamines in bacteria. Intracellular polyamine pools in bacteria are tightly controlled by both de novo synthesis and transport. Polyamine homeostasis is emerging as a critical parameter of multiple pathways and physiology with substantial impact on bacterial pathogenesis, including the important human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. Modulation of polyamine metabolism in pneumococci is an important regulator of central metabolism. It has broad effects on virulence factors such as capsule as well as stress responses that ultimately impact the survival of pneumococcus in a host. Polyamine transport protein as a single antigen or in combination with other pneumococcal proteins is shown to be an efficacious immunogen that protects against nasopharyngeal colonization, and invasive disease. A comprehensive description of polyamine metabolic pathways and their intersection with pneumococcal pathogenesis will undoubtedly point to novel approaches for treatment and prevention of pneumococcal disease.
多胺是几乎所有细胞常见的细胞内代谢产物，它们在各种各样的细胞中的保守性表明这些化合物在细胞生理学中具有关键作用。大多数细胞内多胺与RNA相关联，随后，多胺对转录和翻译有显著影响。腐胺和亚精胺是细菌中最常见的多胺。细菌细胞内的多胺池通过从头合成和转运受到严格控制。多胺稳态正成为多种途径和生理学的关键参数，对包括重要的人类病原体肺炎链球菌在内的细菌发病机制有重大影响。肺炎链球菌中多胺代谢的调节是中心代谢的重要调节因子。它对毒力因子如荚膜以及最终影响肺炎链球菌在宿主体内存活的应激反应有广泛影响。多胺转运蛋白作为单一抗原或与其他肺炎球菌蛋白结合，被证明是一种有效的免疫原，可预防鼻咽部定植和侵袭性疾病。对多胺代谢途径及其与肺炎链球菌发病机制的交叉点进行全面描述，无疑将为肺炎球菌疾病的治疗和预防指明新的方法。
