University of New England College of Dental Medicine, Portland, ME, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New England College of Pharmacy, Portland, ME, USA.
Eur Endod J. 2021 Apr;6(1):122-127. doi: 10.14744/eej.2020.50470. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Bioactive ions, when incorporated in an endodontic sealer, can contribute to the long-term success of endodontic therapy by combating the re-infection of a tooth and promoting the healing of the periapical bone. The objective of this study was to measure the release of boron, strontium, and silicon ions from surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) filler containing prototype endodontic sealer over a sustained period in comparison to EndoSequence BC sealer in a simulated clinical model using extracted human teeth in vitro.
Twelve extracted human anterior teeth were instrumented using ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona, Johnson City, TN, USA) files up to size X3 (#30/variable taper) with copious 2.5% NaOCl irrigation. Teeth were obturated using a single-cone technique with a matching size tapered gutta-percha point and one of two endodontic sealers: prototype S-PRG (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) or EndoSequence BC (Brasseler, Savannah, GA, USA). The teeth were soaked in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution for 336 hours. Periodically, 1-mL samples of the PBS were analyzed via an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to determine the concentrations of ions released by the sealers.
The average (S.D.) cumulative release (ng/ml) of boron, silicon, and strontium ions over 2 weeks for the prototype S-PRG sealer was 8614.9 (1264.3), 35758.9 (5986.5), and 3965.2 (145.6), and for EndoSequence BC sealer was 1860.5 (82.7), 164648.7 (16468.1), and 227.7 (4.7). Generalized linear mixed model analysis showed significant differences in ion concentration among boron, silicon, and strontium over time between the two sealer groups (Boron: P<0.0001, Silicon: P=0.010, Strontium: P=0.028). Of the three ions, strontium had the lowest amount of release for both sealers. The prototype S-PRG sealer showed a rapid initial burst followed by a slow, continuous release of strontium ions.
The prototype S-PRG sealer released boron and strontium ions in higher cumulative concentrations over 2 weeks compared to the EndoSequence BC sealer. Both the prototype S-PRG and EndoSequence BC sealers released silicon ions, although significantly more were eluted from the EndoSequence BC sealer. Antimicrobial and osteogenic ion release from sealers is expected to positively influence the post-treatment control of microbial infections to improve periapical healing.
将生物活性离子掺入根管封闭剂中，可以通过抵抗牙齿再次感染和促进根尖骨愈合来提高根管治疗的长期成功率。本研究的目的是在体外使用从人牙齿中提取的样本，通过模拟临床模型，比较原型根管封闭剂中含有表面预反应玻璃离子（S-PRG）填料的硼、锶和硅离子的释放情况，与 EndoSequence BC 封闭剂进行持续释放的对比。
12 颗前牙用 ProTaper Next（登士柏西诺德，田纳西州约翰逊市，美国）锉至 X3 号（#30/变锥度），用 2.5%次氯酸钠大量冲洗。采用单根圆锥技术，用匹配尺寸的锥形牙胶尖和两种根管封闭剂之一进行填充：原型 S-PRG（Shofu Inc.，日本京都）或 EndoSequence BC（布莱斯勒，佐治亚州萨凡纳）。牙齿浸泡在磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）溶液中 336 小时。定期用感应耦合等离子体质谱仪分析 1 毫升 PBS 样本，以确定密封剂释放的离子浓度。
原型 S-PRG 密封剂在 2 周内硼、硅和锶离子的累积释放量（ng/ml）分别为 8614.9（1264.3）、35758.9（5986.5）和 3965.2（145.6），而 EndoSequence BC 密封剂分别为 1860.5（82.7）、164648.7（16468.1）和 227.7（4.7）。广义线性混合模型分析显示，两种密封剂组之间硼、硅和锶离子的浓度随时间有显著差异（硼：P<0.0001，硅：P=0.010，锶：P=0.028）。在这三种离子中，锶的释放量在两种密封剂中均最低。原型 S-PRG 密封剂表现出快速的初始释放，随后是缓慢、持续的锶离子释放。
与 EndoSequence BC 密封剂相比，原型 S-PRG 密封剂在 2 周内释放出更高浓度的硼和锶离子。原型 S-PRG 和 EndoSequence BC 密封剂都释放了硅离子，但从 EndoSequence BC 密封剂中洗脱的硅离子明显更多。密封剂中释放的抗菌和成骨离子有望积极影响治疗后微生物感染的控制，从而改善根尖愈合。
