Karahara Ichirou, Horie Tomoaki
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
Breed Sci. 2021 Feb;71(1):89-108. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.20123. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Soil salinity is an increasing threat to the productivity of glycophytic crops worldwide. The root plays vital roles under various stress conditions, including salinity, as well as has diverse functions in non-stress soil environments. In this review, we focus on the essential functions of roots such as in ion homeostasis mediated by several different membrane transporters and signaling molecules under salinity stress and describe recent advances in the impacts of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genetic loci (and their causal genes, if applicable) on salinity tolerance. Furthermore, we introduce important literature for the development of barriers against the apoplastic flow of ions, including Na, as well as for understanding the functions and components of the barrier structure under salinity stress.
土壤盐渍化对全球范围内甜土作物的生产力构成了日益严重的威胁。根系在包括盐渍化在内的各种胁迫条件下发挥着至关重要的作用，在非胁迫土壤环境中也具有多种功能。在本综述中，我们重点关注根系的基本功能，例如在盐胁迫下由几种不同的膜转运蛋白和信号分子介导的离子稳态，并描述数量性状位点（QTL）或基因位点（以及适用时它们的因果基因）对耐盐性影响的最新进展。此外，我们介绍了有关开发针对包括Na在内的离子质外体流动屏障的重要文献，以及了解盐胁迫下屏障结构的功能和组成部分的重要文献。
