Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town.
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2021 Feb 18;13(1):e1-e9. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2756.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic illness and adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) need the support of the whole family to self-manage (handle, direct and control) their chronic illness. Little is known about self-management amongst ALHIV in the context of the Eastern Cape, South Africa.
This study explored the self-management needs of ALHIV in the Nelson Mandela Bay area of the Eastern Cape to make recommendations that can be used in further research to develop a programme to support adolescents with self-management.
The study was conducted at two primary healthcare clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay area of the Eastern Cape.
A qualitative descriptive design was applied. Thirteen adolescents between the age of 14 and 19 years were interviewed. The data were collected through individual interviews. Data analysis was done using the six steps described by Creswell.
Adolescents living with HIV have limited knowledge and understanding about HIV and sexual reproductive health. Some ALHIV lack self-regulation skills related to decisions about disclosure, managing stigma and emotions, taking treatment, effective communication and setting goals. Human immunodeficiency virus services were not adolescent-friendly, with long queues and no dedicated services for adolescents. Family and friends were a key self-management resource for ALHIV.
Adolescents living with HIV have several self-management needs in the domains of knowledge and beliefs, self-regulation skills and abilities, and self-management resources. Healthcare workers should support adolescents and their caregivers to acquire self-management skills as this may lead to better treatment and health outcomes.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）是一种慢性病，感染 HIV 的青少年（ALHIV）需要整个家庭的支持来自我管理（处理、指导和控制）他们的慢性病。在南非东开普省，关于 ALHIV 的自我管理情况知之甚少。
本研究探讨了东开普省纳尔逊·曼德拉湾地区 ALHIV 的自我管理需求，以便为进一步研究制定支持青少年自我管理的方案提出建议。
该研究在东开普省纳尔逊·曼德拉湾地区的两家初级保健诊所进行。
采用定性描述设计。采访了 13 名 14 至 19 岁的青少年。通过个人访谈收集数据。数据分析采用了 Creswell 描述的六个步骤。
感染 HIV 的青少年对 HIV 和性生殖健康的知识和理解有限。一些 ALHIV 缺乏与披露、管理污名和情绪、治疗、有效沟通和设定目标相关的自我调节技能。艾滋病毒服务不适合青少年，排队时间长，没有专门为青少年提供的服务。家庭和朋友是 ALHIV 自我管理的重要资源。
感染 HIV 的青少年在知识和信念、自我调节技能和能力以及自我管理资源等领域有多种自我管理需求。医疗保健工作者应支持青少年及其照顾者获得自我管理技能，因为这可能会带来更好的治疗效果和健康结果。
