Department of Medicine, Nerima General Hospital and Institute of Healthcare Quality Improvement, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation Tokyo Healthcare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 25;16(3):e0248935. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248935. eCollection 2021.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a global effect on people's lifestyles. Many people have become physically inactive and developed irregular eating patterns, which leads to unhealthier lifestyles and aggravation of lifestyle-related diseases; these in turn increase the severity of COVID-19. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed a smartphone application called "Taberhythm" to investigate eating patterns, physical activity, and subjective feelings of happiness. We aimed to compare lifestyle data before and during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic to objectively assess lifestyle changes during quarantine. A total of 464 smartphone users (346 women, 35 ± 12 years old, body mass index [BMI] 23.4 ± 4.5) participated in Period A (January 7 to April 28, 2019) and 622 smartphone users (533 women, 32 ± 11 years old, BMI 23.3 ± 4.0) participated in Period B (January 6 to April 26, 2020). Compared with Period A, there was a sharp decline in physical activity during Period B (4642 ± 3513 vs. 3814 ± 3529 steps/day, p<0.001), especially during the final 9 weeks in both periods (4907 ± 3908 vs. 3528 ± 3397 steps/day, p<0.001); however, there were large variations in physical activity among participants. We found a surprising trend during Period B toward increased happiness among women aged 30-50 years, the group most affected by stay-at-home policies that led to working from home and school closure. Moreover, daily eating duration declined in this population. Additionally, there was a positive association of happiness with steps per day in Period B (ρ = 0.38, p = 0.02). Despite the many negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, subjective feelings of happiness among middle-aged Japanese women tended to increase, which indicates that some favorable lifestyle changes that could be adopted during quarantine in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对人们的生活方式产生了全球性影响。许多人变得不活跃，养成了不规律的饮食习惯，导致生活方式更不健康，加重了与生活方式相关的疾病；这些反过来又增加了 COVID-19 的严重程度。在 COVID-19 大流行之前，我们开发了一款名为“Taberhythm”的智能手机应用程序，用于调查饮食模式、身体活动和主观幸福感。我们旨在比较 COVID-19 大流行第一阶段前后的生活方式数据，客观评估隔离期间的生活方式变化。共有 464 名智能手机用户（346 名女性，35 ± 12 岁，体重指数 [BMI] 23.4 ± 4.5）参加了 A 期（2019 年 1 月 7 日至 4 月 28 日），622 名智能手机用户（533 名女性，32 ± 11 岁，BMI 23.3 ± 4.0）参加了 B 期（2020 年 1 月 6 日至 4 月 26 日）。与 A 期相比，B 期身体活动明显下降（4642 ± 3513 与 3814 ± 3529 步/天，p<0.001），尤其是在两个时期的最后 9 周（4907 ± 3908 与 3528 ± 3397 步/天，p<0.001）；然而，参与者之间的身体活动存在很大差异。我们在 B 期发现了一个令人惊讶的趋势，即 30-50 岁女性的幸福感增加，这是受在家办公和学校关闭等居家政策影响最大的群体。此外，该人群的每日进食时间缩短。此外，B 期幸福感与每日步数呈正相关（ρ=0.38，p=0.02）。尽管 COVID-19 大流行带来了许多负面影响，但中年日本女性的主观幸福感往往会增加，这表明在当前的 COVID-19 大流行期间，隔离期间可能会出现一些有利的生活方式改变。
