Figueiro Mariana G, Leggett Sagan
Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States.
Front Neurol. 2021 Mar 9;12:625698. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.625698. eCollection 2021.
Circadian sleep disorders are common among American adults and can become especially acute among older adults, especially those living with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), leading to the exacerbation of symptoms and contributing to the development and advancement of the diseases. This review explores the connections between circadian sleep disorders, cognition, and neurodegenerative disease, offering insights on rapidly developing therapeutic interventions employing intermittent light stimuli for improving sleep and cognition in persons with AD and MCI. Light therapy has the potential to affect sleep and cognition via at least two pathways: (1) a regular and robust light-dark pattern reaching the retina that promotes circadian phase shifting, which can promote entrainment and (2) 40 Hz flickering light that promotes gamma-wave entrainment. While this is a new area of research, preliminary evidence shows the potential of dual circadian and gamma-wave entrainment as an important therapy not only for those with AD, but for others with cognitive impairment.
昼夜节律性睡眠障碍在美国成年人中很常见，在老年人中可能会变得尤为严重，尤其是那些患有阿尔茨海默病（AD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）的人，这会导致症状加重，并促使疾病的发展和进展。本综述探讨了昼夜节律性睡眠障碍、认知和神经退行性疾病之间的联系，为迅速发展的采用间歇性光刺激改善AD和MCI患者睡眠和认知的治疗干预提供见解。光疗法有可能通过至少两条途径影响睡眠和认知：（1）到达视网膜的规律且强烈的明暗模式，促进昼夜节律相移，从而促进同步化；（2）40赫兹闪烁光，促进伽马波同步化。虽然这是一个新的研究领域，但初步证据表明，昼夜节律和伽马波双重同步化不仅对AD患者，而且对其他认知障碍患者具有作为重要治疗方法的潜力。
