Freelance Consultant/Associate Lecturer, Birmingham City University.
Professor of Community Health Care Studies, Birmingham City University.
Br J Nurs. 2021 Mar 25;30(6):S20-S32. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2021.30.6.S20.
Stoma surgery is an intrusive operation, with outcomes that can impact seriously on daily life, not just in the immediate postoperative and recovery period, but for the rest of the patient's life. There are changes in bodily function, altered body image, physicality and personal care needs. These changes require acceptance and adaptation and can necessitate a re-ordering of daily life, socially, emotionally and in terms of work. Assessing the patient's needs through the trajectory of diagnosis, surgery and a stoma, is not just important during the treatment phase but needs to continue throughout the lifespan. Traditionally, patient outcome measures after bowel surgery have included overall self-efficacy, checking for stoma complications, clinical health status, function and psychological status. However, over the past three decades there has been increasing recognition that quality of life (QoL), which is now regarded as a key measurement, needs further consideration. Patients report difficulties when explaining to health professionals the challenges they face, and their reactions as they try to make the adjustments to their new normal of life with a stoma. This article examines stoma patients' perceptions of their outcomes from recent research. It discusses how more can be done by health professionals to support stoma patients through their initial transition to life with a stoma and for the rest of their life.
造口手术是一种有创性的手术，其结果会严重影响患者的日常生活，不仅在术后和康复期间如此，而且会影响到患者的余生。患者的身体功能、身体形象、身体状况和个人护理需求都会发生变化。这些变化需要患者接受和适应，并可能需要重新安排日常生活，包括社交、情感和工作方面。通过诊断、手术和造口的轨迹评估患者的需求不仅在治疗阶段很重要，而且需要在整个生命周期内持续进行。传统上，肠造口术后患者的预后评估包括总体自我效能感、造口并发症检查、临床健康状况、功能和心理状况。然而，在过去的三十年中，人们越来越认识到生活质量（QoL）作为关键的测量指标需要进一步考虑。患者报告说，他们很难向医护人员解释所面临的挑战，以及他们在努力适应带有造口的新生活时的反应。本文探讨了造口患者对最近研究中其预后的看法。它讨论了医护人员如何通过最初的过渡期和余生更好地为造口患者提供支持。
