Lednev Sergey A, Semenkov Ivan N, Klink Galya V, Krechetov Pavel P, Sharapova Anna V, Koroleva Tatyana V
Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Russia.
Institute for Information Transmission Problems (Kharkevich Institute) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 127051, Russia.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 10;772:144965. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144965. Epub 2021 Jan 30.
The present study is the field experiment on kerosene pollution impact on southern taiga plant communities. Experimental sites were located in a mixed forest, a deciduous forest, a sedge fen and a wet meadow within the Amur Region of the Russian Far East. Kerosene loads from 1 to 500 g/kg of soil were applied to 50 × 50 cm plots in three replications and their effects on number of species and projective cover of ground vegetation were analysed in 1.5 months and 1 year after exposure. Statistical analyses of data included Student's t-test, Friedman ANOVA and correlation coefficient (r). Phylogenetic analysis was carried out for herbaceous plants on experimental plots. The highest susceptibility to kerosene pollution was found in the mixed forest, where the edificator species (Pteridium aquilinum subsp. pinetorum) was significantly suppressed by the kerosene load of only 1 g/kg of soil. Wetland communities regenerated faster than ground vegetation of forests, especially, in tests with high (>25 g/kg) kerosene loads. The wet meadow community was the most resistant to kerosene pollution, i.e., despite significant decreases in projective cover and number of species after exposure to kerosene loads of 5 and 25 g/kg in the first season, it had the highest regeneration success in the next season. In our study, the kerosene load of 25 g/kg of soil was the threshold level of pollution, above which there were significant structural changes in the studied plant communities. Depending on their abilities to resist kerosene pollution and to regenerate in the next year, dominant species of the studied plant communities were arranged in the following ascending order: Pteridium aquilinum ssp. pinetorum, Convallaria keiskei < Carex cespitosa, Calamagrostis purpurea < Lespedeza bicolor < Vaccinium uliginosum.
本研究是关于煤油污染对南泰加林植物群落影响的田间试验。试验地点位于俄罗斯远东地区阿穆尔州的一片混交林、一片落叶林、一片莎草草甸和一片湿草甸中。将1至500克/千克土壤的煤油施用于50×50厘米的样地，重复三次，并在暴露后1.5个月和1年分析其对地面植被物种数量和投影盖度的影响。数据的统计分析包括学生t检验、弗里德曼方差分析和相关系数（r）。对试验样地的草本植物进行了系统发育分析。在混交林中发现对煤油污染的敏感性最高，在该混交林中，仅1克/千克土壤的煤油负荷就显著抑制了建群种（蕨菜亚种松叶蕨）。湿地群落比森林的地面植被恢复得更快，尤其是在煤油负荷高（>25克/千克）的试验中。湿草甸群落对煤油污染最具抗性，即尽管在第一季暴露于5和25克/千克的煤油负荷后投影盖度和物种数量显著下降，但在下一季它的再生成功率最高。在我们的研究中，25克/千克土壤的煤油负荷是污染的阈值水平，高于该水平，所研究的植物群落就会发生显著的结构变化。根据它们抵抗煤油污染和次年再生的能力，所研究植物群落的优势种按以下升序排列：蕨菜亚种松叶蕨、铃兰<苔草、紫花拂子茅<胡枝子<湿地越橘。
