Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Jul;48(7):846-871. doi: 10.1111/joor.13170. Epub 2021 May 2.
Ambulatory electromyographic (EMG) devices are increasingly being used in sleep bruxism studies. EMG signal acquisition, analysis and scoring methods vary between studies. This may impact comparability of studies and the assessment of sleep bruxism in patients.
(a) To provide an overview of EMG signal acquisition and analysis methods of recordings from limited-channel ambulatory EMG devices for the assessment of sleep bruxism; and (b) to provide an overview of outcome measures used in sleep bruxism literature utilising such devices.
A scoping review of the literature was performed. Online databases PubMed and Semantics Scholar were searched for studies published in English until 7 October 2020. Data on five categories were extracted: recording hardware, recording logistics, signal acquisition, signal analysis and sleep bruxism outcomes.
Seventy-eight studies were included, published between 1977 and 2020. Recording hardware was generally well described. Reports of participant instructions in device handling and of dealing with failed recordings were often lacking. Basic elements of signal acquisition, for example amplifications factors, impedance and bandpass settings, and signal analysis, for example rectification, signal processing and additional filtering, were underreported. Extensive variability was found for thresholds used to characterise sleep bruxism events. Sleep bruxism outcomes varied, but typically represented frequency, duration and/or intensity of masticatory muscle activity (MMA).
Adequate and standardised reporting of recording procedures is highly recommended. In future studies utilising ambulatory EMG devices, the focus may need to shift from the concept of scoring sleep bruxism events to that of scoring the whole spectrum of MMA.
便携式肌电图（EMG）设备在睡眠磨牙症研究中越来越多地被使用。EMG 信号采集、分析和评分方法在不同的研究中有所不同。这可能会影响研究的可比性以及对患者睡眠磨牙症的评估。
（a）概述用于评估睡眠磨牙症的有限通道便携式 EMG 设备的 EMG 信号采集和分析方法；（b）概述利用此类设备的睡眠磨牙症文献中使用的结局测量指标。
对文献进行了范围综述。在 2020 年 10 月 7 日之前，在在线数据库 PubMed 和 Semantics Scholar 上搜索发表在英语文献中的研究。提取了五类数据：记录硬件、记录物流、信号采集、信号分析和睡眠磨牙症结局。
共纳入 78 项研究，发表时间为 1977 年至 2020 年。记录硬件通常描述得很好。关于参与者在设备操作方面的指示以及处理失败记录的报告往往缺乏。信号采集的基本要素，例如放大倍数、阻抗和带通设置，以及信号分析，例如整流、信号处理和额外的滤波，报道不足。用于表征睡眠磨牙症事件的阈值存在广泛的差异。睡眠磨牙症结局各不相同，但通常代表咀嚼肌活动（MMA）的频率、持续时间和/或强度。
强烈建议对记录过程进行充分和标准化的报告。在未来使用便携式 EMG 设备的研究中，重点可能需要从睡眠磨牙症事件评分的概念转移到 MMA 整体谱评分的概念。
