Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Streptococci, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Appl Microbiol. 2021 Oct;131(4):1600-1620. doi: 10.1111/jam.15090. Epub 2021 Apr 7.
The genus Streptococcus comprises important pathogens, many of them are part of the human or animal microbiota. Advances in molecular genetics, taxonomic approaches and phylogenomic studies have led to the establishment of at least 100 species that have a severe impact on human health and are responsible for substantial economic losses to agriculture. The infectivity of the pathogens is linked to cell-surface components and/or secreted virulence factors. Bacteria have evolved sophisticated and multifaceted adaptation strategies to the host environment, including biofilm formation, survival within professional phagocytes, escape the host immune response, amongst others. This review focuses on virulence mechanism and zoonotic potential of Streptococcus species from pyogenic (S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes) and mitis groups (S. pneumoniae).
链球菌属包括重要的病原体，其中许多是人类或动物微生物群的一部分。分子遗传学、分类学方法和系统基因组学研究的进展，确立了至少 100 种具有严重人类健康影响的物种，这些物种导致了农业的重大经济损失。病原体的传染性与细胞表面成分和/或分泌的毒力因子有关。细菌已经进化出复杂多样的适应宿主环境的策略，包括生物膜形成、在专业吞噬细胞内存活、逃避宿主免疫反应等。本综述重点介绍化脓性（无乳链球菌、酿脓链球菌）和缓症链球菌属（肺炎链球菌）链球菌属的毒力机制和人畜共患病潜力。
