J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2021 Jul;50(4):382-391. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2021.02.008. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
To evaluate published literature on the associations between perinatal substance use (PSU), perinatal depression and anxiety (PDA), and known maternal-newborn outcomes.
We conducted a systematic search of health-related databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase. Search terms included maternal mental health, substance use, postpartum, opioid, alcohol, methamphetamine, addiction, dependence, pregnancy, depression, and anxiety.
We included English-language, peer-reviewed reports of primary research and systematic reviews that were published between 2010 and 2020 and focused on PSU and PDA. We excluded commentaries, nonsystematic reviews, and articles on maternal mental health other than PDA. Fourteen of 379 articles met the inclusion criteria.
We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Review Guidelines to guide extraction of the following data: author(s), year of publication, type of study, country of origin, study sample, targeted substance(s), mental health, key findings, and recommendation(s).
In studies of PSU, researchers identified a strong association with PDA. Likewise, researchers investigating PDA found a strong association with PSU. Findings from these articles suggest an increasing risk for PSU with increasing severity of PDA, depending on the specific substances of use. Findings also indicated that women with polysubstance use have greater odds for comorbid perinatal mental health conditions. A relationship between PSU and PDA and adverse newborn outcomes, such as low birth weight, was found.
There is a paucity of published research on co-occurring PSU and PDA. However, polysubstance use appears to be associated with the greatest risk for PDA. It is essential to address PSU and PDA together to better understand the effects on maternal and infant outcomes.
评估已发表的文献中围产期物质使用（PSU）、围产期抑郁和焦虑（PDA）与已知母婴结局之间的关联。
我们对健康相关数据库（包括 PubMed、CINAHL、MEDLINE 和 Embase）进行了系统检索。检索词包括孕产妇心理健康、物质使用、产后、阿片类药物、酒精、冰毒、成瘾、依赖、妊娠、抑郁和焦虑。
我们纳入了发表于 2010 年至 2020 年、以 PSU 和 PDA 为重点的英文同行评议原始研究和系统评价报告。排除评论、非系统评价以及非 PDA 孕产妇心理健康相关的文章。在 379 篇文章中，有 14 篇符合纳入标准。
我们使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所审查指南来指导以下数据的提取：作者、发表年份、研究类型、来源国、研究样本、目标物质、心理健康、主要发现和建议。
在 PSU 研究中，研究人员发现 PDA 与之密切相关。同样，研究 PDA 的研究人员发现 PDA 与 PSU 密切相关。这些文章的研究结果表明，随着 PDA 严重程度的增加，PSU 的风险也随之增加，具体取决于使用的特定物质。研究结果还表明，多物质使用的女性并发围产期心理健康疾病的几率更高。PSU 和 PDA 与不良新生儿结局（如低出生体重）之间存在关联。
关于同时存在的 PSU 和 PDA 的研究很少。然而，多物质使用似乎与 PDA 的最大风险相关。共同解决 PSU 和 PDA 问题对于更好地了解它们对母婴结局的影响至关重要。
