State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
Plant Sci. 2021 May;306:110876. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110876. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Acid rain, as a typical abiotic stress, damages plant growth and production. Calcium (Ca) mediates plant growth and links the signal transduction in plants for adapting to abiotic stresses. To understand the effect of Ca on plant adaptable response to acid rain, we investigated changes in activities and gene expression of antioxidative enzymes and fatty acid composition of membrane lipid in rice seedlings treated with exogenous Ca (5 mM) or/and simulated acid rain (SAR, pH 3.5 / 2.5). Exogenous Ca enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase isozymes in rice leaves under SAR stress by promoting activation of existing isoforms and up-regulation of Cu/Zn-SOD1, Cu/Zn-SOD2, Cu/Zn-SOD3, CAT1, CAT2 and POD1. Compared to SAR treatment alone, exogenous Ca alleviated SAR-induced oxidative damage to cell membrane by enhancing antioxidative capacity, as shown by the decrease in concentrations of HO, O and malondialdehyde in rice leaves. Meanwhile, Ca alleviated SAR-induced decrease in unsaturation of membrane lipid for maintaining membrane fluidity. Finally, exogenous Ca alleviated SAR-induced inhibition on relative growth rate of rice. Therefore, Ca could play a role in regulating activities of antioxidative enzymes as well as maintaining unsaturation of membrane lipid for enhancing tolerance in rice seedlings to acid rain stress.
酸雨作为一种典型的非生物胁迫，会损害植物的生长和产量。钙（Ca）介导植物的生长，并在植物中连接适应非生物胁迫的信号转导。为了了解 Ca 对植物适应酸雨胁迫的反应的影响，我们研究了外源 Ca（5 mM）或/和模拟酸雨（SAR，pH 3.5/2.5）处理对水稻幼苗抗氧化酶活性和基因表达以及膜脂脂肪酸组成的变化。外源 Ca 通过促进现有同工型的激活和 Cu/Zn-SOD1、Cu/Zn-SOD2、Cu/Zn-SOD3、CAT1、CAT2 和 POD1 的上调，增强了水稻叶片在 SAR 胁迫下超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶同工酶的活性。与单独 SAR 处理相比，外源 Ca 通过增强抗氧化能力缓解了 SAR 诱导的对细胞膜的氧化损伤，表现为水稻叶片中 HO、O 和丙二醛浓度的降低。同时，Ca 缓解了 SAR 诱导的膜脂不饱和性降低，从而维持了膜的流动性。最后，外源 Ca 缓解了 SAR 对水稻相对生长率的抑制作用。因此，Ca 可以通过调节抗氧化酶的活性以及维持膜脂的不饱和性来增强水稻幼苗对酸雨胁迫的耐受性。
