Celik Erkan, Gul Muhammet
Department of Transportation and Logistics, Istanbul University, 34322 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management, Munzur University, 62000 Tunceli, Turkey.
Environ Dev Sustain. 2022;24(2):1616-1654. doi: 10.1007/s10668-021-01328-w. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
The world is currently struggling with a new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pandemic that first appeared in Wuhan, China, and then spread to almost all countries. As in other countries of the world, public authorities in Turkey are implementing many preventive and mitigating partial lockdown (PL) actions against the virus's effects. Some decisions and policies implemented before and after March 11, 2020, when the first virus case has been identified, have reduced people and traffic circulation, which has also turned into some improvements in air quality. At this point, this study aims to investigate how this pandemic affects the air quality of a metropolis. A case study of the city of Istanbul, the most affected city with more than half of Turkey's cases, is performed. In our analysis, we observe, compare, and discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and PL decisions on Istanbul city's air quality. We consider the particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrogen oxides (NO), and ozone (O3) concentrations. We used data from 19 air monitoring stations (AMSs) and obtained improvements in the air quality for the pandemic period. In summary, the concentration levels in PM, NO, NO, and NOx result in a clear decline in pandemic times compared to the normal times in Istanbul. On the other hand, a non-homogenous trend for SO and CO concentrations is observed for different AMSs. A partial increase in O concentration is obtained in the comparison of before and during the PL period.
目前，世界正面临一种新型冠状病毒（2019 - nCoV）大流行，该病毒最初出现在中国武汉，随后蔓延至几乎所有国家。与世界其他国家一样，土耳其公共当局正在针对该病毒的影响实施许多预防性和缓解性的部分封锁（PL）措施。在2020年3月11日首次发现病毒病例之前和之后实施的一些决策和政策，减少了人员和交通流动，这也带来了空气质量的一些改善。在这一点上，本研究旨在调查这种大流行如何影响一个大都市的空气质量。以土耳其病例数超过一半的受影响最严重城市伊斯坦布尔市为例进行研究。在我们的分析中，我们观察、比较并讨论了新冠疫情和部分封锁决策对伊斯坦布尔市空气质量的影响。我们考虑了颗粒物（PM）、二氧化硫（SO）、一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化氮（NO₂）、一氧化氮（NO）、氮氧化物（NOₓ）和臭氧（O₃）的浓度。我们使用了19个空气监测站（AMS）的数据，并得出了疫情期间空气质量有所改善的结论。总之，与伊斯坦布尔的正常时期相比，疫情期间PM、NO、NO和NOₓ的浓度水平明显下降。另一方面，不同空气监测站观测到SO和CO浓度呈现非均匀趋势。在部分封锁期前后的比较中，O₃浓度出现了部分上升。
