Meitha Karlia, Esyanti Rizkita Rachmi, Hanisia Ristag Hamida
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, West Java, Indonesia.
Noncoding RNA Res. 2021 Feb 13;6(1):42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2021.02.001. eCollection 2021 Mar.
The diverse roles of non-coding RNA and DNA in cross-species communication is yet to be revealed. Once thought to only involve intra-specifically in regulating gene expression, the evidence that these genetic materials can also modulate gene expression between species that belong to different kingdoms is accumulating. Plants send small RNAs to the pathogen or parasite when they are being attacked, targeting essential mRNAs for infection or parasitism of the hosts. However, the same survival mechanism is also deployed by the pathogen or parasite to destabilize plant immune responses. In plants, it is suggested that exposure to extracellular self-DNA impedes growth, while to extracellular non-self-DNA induces the modulation of reactive oxygen species, expression of resistance related genes, epigenetic mechanism, or suppression of disease severity. Exploring the potential of secreted RNA and extracellular DNA as a green pesticide could be a promising alternative if we are to provide food for the future global population without further damaging the environment. Hence, some studies on plant secreted RNA and responses towards extracellular DNA are discussed in this review. The precise mode of action of entry and the following cascade of signaling once the plant cell is exposed to secreted RNA or extracellular DNA could be an interesting topic for future research.
非编码RNA和DNA在跨物种交流中的多种作用尚待揭示。这些遗传物质曾被认为仅在种内参与调节基因表达，但现在越来越多的证据表明，它们也能调节不同王国物种之间的基因表达。植物受到攻击时会向病原体或寄生虫发送小RNA，靶向宿主感染或寄生所需的mRNA。然而，病原体或寄生虫也会利用同样的生存机制破坏植物的免疫反应。在植物中，有研究表明，暴露于细胞外自身DNA会阻碍生长，而暴露于细胞外非自身DNA会诱导活性氧的调节、抗性相关基因的表达、表观遗传机制或疾病严重程度的抑制。如果我们要在不进一步破坏环境的情况下为未来全球人口提供食物，探索分泌型RNA和细胞外DNA作为绿色农药的潜力可能是一个有前途的选择。因此，本综述讨论了一些关于植物分泌型RNA和对细胞外DNA反应的研究。植物细胞暴露于分泌型RNA或细胞外DNA后，其进入的精确作用模式以及随后的信号级联反应可能是未来研究的一个有趣课题。
