Hystad Perry, Payette Yves, Noisel Nolwenn, Boileau Catherine
College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.
CARTaGENE, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Environ Epidemiol. 2019 Feb 12;3(1):e040. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000040. eCollection 2019 Feb.
Urban green space may be important to mental health, but the association between long-term green space exposures and depression, anxiety, and cognitive function in adults remains unknown.
We examined 8,144 adults enrolled in the CARTaGENE cohort in Quebec Canada. Average green space and change in green space with residential mobility were assessed using satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index from 5-year residential address histories. Outcomes included depression and anxiety determined through medical record linkages, self-reported doctor diagnosis of depression, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7scales. Cognitive function was available for 6,658 individuals from computerized tests of reaction time, working memory, and executive function. We used linear and logistic multivariate models to assess associations between green space and each mental health and cognitive function measure.
In fully adjusted analyses, a 0.1 increase in residential normalized difference vegetation index within 500 m was associated with an odds ratio of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.95) for a self-reported doctor diagnosis of depression and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.93) for moderate anxiety assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 scale. Other models showed protective effects of urban green space on depression and anxiety but were not statistically significant, and the magnitude of association varied by green space exposure and mental health outcome assessment method. We did not observe any evidence of associations between green space and cognitive function.
We observed some evidence to support the hypothesis that urban green space is associated with decreased depression and anxiety but not cognitive function.
城市绿地可能对心理健康很重要，但长期接触绿地与成年人的抑郁、焦虑和认知功能之间的关联尚不清楚。
我们对加拿大魁北克省CARTaGENE队列中的8144名成年人进行了研究。利用来自5年居住地址历史记录的卫星衍生归一化植被指数，评估了平均绿地面积以及随居住迁移的绿地面积变化。结果包括通过病历关联确定的抑郁和焦虑、自我报告的医生诊断的抑郁症，以及患者健康问卷-9和广泛性焦虑障碍-7量表。6658名个体可通过反应时间、工作记忆和执行功能的计算机测试获得认知功能数据。我们使用线性和逻辑多变量模型来评估绿地与每种心理健康和认知功能指标之间的关联。
在完全调整分析中，500米范围内居住归一化植被指数增加0.1，与自我报告的医生诊断抑郁症的优势比为0.85（95%CI：0.76，0.95）以及使用广泛性焦虑障碍7量表评估的中度焦虑的优势比为0.81（95%CI：0.70，0.93）相关。其他模型显示城市绿地对抑郁和焦虑有保护作用，但无统计学意义，且关联程度因绿地接触情况和心理健康结果评估方法而异。我们未观察到绿地与认知功能之间存在关联的任何证据。
我们观察到一些证据支持城市绿地与抑郁和焦虑降低相关但与认知功能无关的假设。
