Hori Y, Takayama O
Dermatology, Kyushu University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Dermatol Clin. 1988 Apr;6(2):315-26.
Dermal melanosis is caused by deposition of melanin in melanophages or by free melanin in the dermis or in dermal melanocytes. Circumscribed dermal melanoses can be congenital or acquired and at times are nevoid in distribution. Bilateral nevus of Ota-like lesions and blue macules recently have been described in association with progressive systemic sclerosis. Macular amyloidosis and friction melanosis are also acquired dermal melanoses. It is important to distinguish dermal melanoses caused by the presence of melanocytes in the dermis from those produced by the presence of melanin free within the dermis. Clinically, the two different processes may have very similar appearances. Treatments for circumscribed dermal melanoses include cosmetics, cryotherapy, dermabrasion, or, rarely, skin grafts.
皮肤黑素沉着症是由黑色素在噬黑素细胞中的沉积、真皮内的游离黑色素或真皮黑素细胞中的黑色素所致。局限性皮肤黑素沉着症可为先天性或后天性，有时呈痣样分布。最近有报道双侧太田痣样损害和蓝色斑与进行性系统性硬化症相关。斑状淀粉样变和摩擦性黑素沉着症也属于后天性皮肤黑素沉着症。区分由真皮内黑素细胞引起的皮肤黑素沉着症与由真皮内游离黑色素引起的皮肤黑素沉着症很重要。临床上，这两种不同的过程可能外观非常相似。局限性皮肤黑素沉着症的治疗方法包括使用化妆品、冷冻疗法、皮肤磨削术，或很少使用的皮肤移植术。
