Mostofa Mohammad Golam, Rahman Md Mezanur, Ansary Md Mesbah Uddin, Keya Sanjida Sultana, Abdelrahman Mostafa, Miah Md Giashuddin, Phan Tran Lam-Son
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2021 Sep;41(6):918-934. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1892582. Epub 2021 Mar 30.
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their destructive effects on cellular organelles are the hallmark features of plants exposed to abiotic stresses. Plants are well-equipped with defensive mechanisms like antioxidant systems to deal with ROS-induced oxidative stress. Silicon has been emerged as an important regulator of plant protective mechanisms under environmental stresses, which can be up-taken from soil through a system of various silicon-transporters. In plants, silicon is deposited underneath of cuticles and in the cell wall, and help plant cells reduce deleterious effects of stresses. Furthermore, silicon can provide resistance to ROS-toxicity, which often accounts for silicon-mediated improvement of plant tolerance to different abiotic constraints, including salinity, drought, and metal toxicity. Silicon enhances the ROS-detoxification ability of treated plants by modulating the antioxidant defense systems, and the expression of key genes associated with oxidative stress mitigation and hormone metabolism. Silicon also displays additive roles in ROS-elimination when supplied with other external stimuli. Here, we discuss recent findings on how silicon is able to modulate antioxidant defense of plants in response to oxidative stress triggered by different abiotic constraints. We also review interactions of silicon with other signaling molecules, including nitric oxide, ROS, polyamines, and phytohormones in the mediation of plant protection against abiotic stress-induced oxidative damage.
活性氧（ROS）的积累及其对细胞器的破坏作用是遭受非生物胁迫的植物的标志性特征。植物具备完善的防御机制，如抗氧化系统，以应对ROS诱导的氧化应激。硅已成为环境胁迫下植物保护机制的重要调节因子，它可通过各种硅转运体系统从土壤中吸收。在植物中，硅沉积在角质层下方和细胞壁中，帮助植物细胞减轻胁迫的有害影响。此外，硅可以抵抗ROS毒性，这通常是硅介导植物对不同非生物胁迫（包括盐度、干旱和金属毒性）耐受性提高的原因。硅通过调节抗氧化防御系统以及与减轻氧化应激和激素代谢相关的关键基因的表达，增强处理过的植物的ROS解毒能力。当与其他外部刺激一起提供时，硅在ROS消除中也发挥着累加作用。在这里，我们讨论了关于硅如何调节植物抗氧化防御以应对不同非生物胁迫引发的氧化应激的最新发现。我们还综述了硅与其他信号分子（包括一氧化氮、ROS、多胺和植物激素）在介导植物抵御非生物胁迫诱导的氧化损伤中的相互作用。
