Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Aug;83:261-268. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.026. Epub 2021 Mar 27.
Thyroid cancer is not among the top cancers in terms of diagnosis or mortality but it still ranks fifth among the cancers diagnosed in women. Infact, women are more likely to be diagnosed with thyroid cancer than the males. The burden of thyroid cancer has dramatically increased in last two decades in China and, in the United States, it is the most diagnosed cancer in young adults under the age of twenty-nine. All these factors make it worthwhile to fully understand the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. Towards this end, microRNAs (miRNAs) have constantly emerged as the non-coding RNAs of interest in various thyroid cancer subtypes on which there have been numerous investigations over the last decade and half. This comprehensive review takes a look at the current knowledge on the topic with cataloging of miRNAs known so far, particularly related to their utility as epigenetic signatures of thyroid cancer progression and metastasis. Such information could be of immense use for the eventual development of miRNAs as therapeutic targets or even therapeutic agents for thyroid cancer therapy.
甲状腺癌在诊断或死亡率方面并不是最常见的癌症之一，但它在女性诊断出的癌症中仍排名第五。事实上，女性被诊断出患有甲状腺癌的可能性高于男性。在中国，过去二十年中，甲状腺癌的负担显著增加，而在美国，它是 29 岁以下年轻人中最常见的癌症。所有这些因素使得充分了解甲状腺癌的发病机制变得非常有价值。为此，microRNAs（miRNAs）不断成为各种甲状腺癌亚型中感兴趣的非编码 RNA，在过去十年半的时间里，针对这些亚型进行了大量的研究。本综述全面回顾了这一主题的现有知识，对迄今为止已知的 miRNAs 进行了分类，特别是与它们作为甲状腺癌进展和转移的表观遗传标志物的用途有关。这些信息对于最终将 miRNAs 作为治疗靶点甚至治疗剂用于甲状腺癌治疗可能具有巨大的价值。
