Zheng Xiangyu, Guo Bin, He Jing, Chen Song Xi
Guanghua School of Management Peking University Beijing P.R. China.
Center of Statistical Research Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu P.R. China.
Environmetrics. 2021 Mar;32(2):e2673. doi: 10.1002/env.2673. Epub 2021 Feb 20.
Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) has substantially reduced human activities and the associated anthropogenic emissions. This study quantifies the effects of COVID-19 control measures on six major air pollutants over 68 cities in North China by a Difference in Relative-Difference method that allows estimation of the COVID-19 effects while taking account of the general annual air quality trends, temporal and meteorological variations, and the spring festival effects. Significant COVID-19 effects on all six major air pollutants are found, with NO having the largest decline (-39.6%), followed by PM (-30.9%), O (-16.3%), PM (-14.3%), CO (-13.9%), and the least in SO (-10.0%), which shows the achievability of air quality improvement by a large reduction in anthropogenic emissions. The heterogeneity of effects among the six pollutants and different regions can be partly explained by coal consumption and industrial output data.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）已大幅减少了人类活动及相关的人为排放。本研究采用相对差异差分法，对中国北方68个城市的六种主要空气污染物进行了量化分析，该方法能够在考虑年度空气质量总体趋势、时间和气象变化以及春节影响的同时，估算COVID-19的影响。研究发现，COVID-19对所有六种主要空气污染物均有显著影响，其中一氧化氮（NO）下降幅度最大（-39.6%），其次是颗粒物（PM）（-30.9%）、臭氧（O）（-16.3%）、细颗粒物（PM）（-14.3%）、一氧化碳（CO）（-13.9%），二氧化硫（SO）下降幅度最小（-10.0%），这表明通过大幅减少人为排放来改善空气质量是可行的。六种污染物和不同地区之间影响的异质性可以部分通过煤炭消耗和工业产出数据来解释。
