Department of Oncological Sciences and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2267:159-163. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1217-0_10.
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular process involved in the silencing of genes, which makes RNAi important for observing and understanding the function of specific gene products. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is a RNAi pathway, where exogenous double stranded RNA is introduced to the cell and cleaved by an endoribonuclease, Dicer, to form siRNA, which interacts with a protein complex to scan mRNAs to bind to its complementary sequence. The binding of the siRNA to its complementary mRNA, the mRNA is cleaved and degraded by the cell, significantly reducing the levels of the target protein product. The discovery of this mechanism made it a powerful tool to use as a technique for therapeutics, agricultural biology, and cellular and molecular biology.
RNA 干扰（RNAi）是一种参与基因沉默的细胞过程，这使得 RNAi 对于观察和理解特定基因产物的功能非常重要。小干扰 RNA（siRNA）途径是一种 RNAi 途径，其中外源性双链 RNA 被引入细胞，并被内切核酸酶 Dicer 切割成 siRNA，然后与蛋白质复合物相互作用以扫描 mRNAs 并与其互补序列结合。siRNA 与互补 mRNA 的结合导致 mRNA 被细胞切割和降解，从而显著降低靶蛋白产物的水平。这一机制的发现使其成为一种强大的工具，可用于治疗学、农业生物学、细胞和分子生物学。
