Taha Birra, Sadda Praneeth, Winston Graham, Odigie Eseosa, Londono Cristina, Greenfield Jeffrey P, Pannullo Susan C, Hoffman Caitlin
1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
2Department of Medicine, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Neurosurg Focus. 2021 Mar;50(3):E3. doi: 10.3171/2020.12.FOCUS20939.
A meta-analysis was performed to understand disparities in the representation of female authorship within the neurosurgical literature and implications for career advancement of women in neurosurgery.
Author names for articles published in 16 of the top neurosurgical journals from 2002 to 2019 were obtained from MEDLINE. The gender of each author was determined using automated prediction methods. Publication trends were compared over time and across subdisciplines. Female authorship was also compared to the proportionate composition of women in the field over time.
The metadata obtained from 16 major neurosurgical journals yielded 66,546 research articles. Gender was successfully determined for 96% (127,809/133,578) of first and senior authors, while the remainder (3.9%) were unable to be determined through prediction methods. Across all years, 13.3% (8826) of articles had female first authorship and 9.1% (6073) had female senior authorship. Female first authorship increased significantly over time from 5.8% in 2002 to 17.2% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Female senior authorship also increased significantly over time, from 5.5% in 2002 to 12.0% in 2019 (p < 0.001). The journals with the highest proportions of female first authors and senior authors were the Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics (33.5%) and the Asian Journal of Neurosurgery (23.8%), respectively. Operative Neurosurgery had the lowest fraction of female first (12.4%) and senior (4.7%) authors. There was a significant difference between the year-by-year proportion of female neurosurgical trainees and the year-by-year proportion of female neurosurgical first (p < 0.001) and senior (p < 0.001) authors. Articles were also more likely to have a female first author if the senior author of the article was female (OR 2.69, CI 2.52-2.86; p < 0.001). From 1944 to 2019, the Journal of Neurosurgery showed a steady increase in female first and senior authorship, with a plateau beginning in the 1990s.
Large meta-analysis techniques have the potential to effectively leverage large amounts of bibliometric data to quantify the representation of female authorship in the neurosurgical literature. The proportion of female authors in major neurosurgical journals has steadily increased. However, the rate of increase in female senior authorship has lagged behind the rate of increase in first authorship, indicating a disparity in academic advancement in women in neurosurgery.
进行一项荟萃分析，以了解神经外科文献中女性作者代表性的差异以及对神经外科领域女性职业发展的影响。
从MEDLINE获取2002年至2019年16种顶级神经外科期刊上发表文章的作者姓名。使用自动预测方法确定每位作者的性别。比较不同时间和不同子学科的发表趋势。还比较了随时间推移女性作者比例与该领域女性的相应构成比例。
从16种主要神经外科期刊获得的元数据产生了66546篇研究文章。96%（127809/133578）的第一作者和资深作者的性别成功确定，其余3.9%无法通过预测方法确定。在所有年份中，13.3%（8826篇）的文章第一作者为女性，9.1%（6073篇）的文章资深作者为女性。女性第一作者比例随时间显著增加，从2002年的5.8%增至2019年的17.2%（p<0.001）。女性资深作者比例也随时间显著增加，从2002年的5.5%增至2019年的12.0%（p<0.001）。女性第一作者和资深作者比例最高的期刊分别是《神经外科杂志：儿科》（33.5%）和《亚洲神经外科杂志》（23.8%）。《手术神经外科》女性第一作者（12.4%）和资深作者（4.7%）的比例最低。神经外科女性受训人员逐年比例与神经外科女性第一作者（p<0.001）和资深作者（p<0.001）逐年比例之间存在显著差异。如果文章的资深作者为女性，文章更有可能有女性第一作者（OR 2.69，CI 2.52 - 2.86；p<0.0）。从1944年到2019年，《神经外科杂志》女性第一作者和资深作者比例稳步上升，在20世纪90年代开始趋于平稳。
大型荟萃分析技术有潜力有效利用大量文献计量数据来量化神经外科文献中女性作者的代表性。主要神经外科期刊中女性作者的比例稳步增加。然而，女性资深作者的增加速度落后于第一作者的增加速度，这表明神经外科领域女性在学术晋升方面存在差异。
