Deybasso Haji Aman, Roba Kedir Teji, Nega Berhanu, Belachew Tefera
Jimma University, Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia.
Cancer Manag Res. 2021 Mar 23;13:2755-2762. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S301978. eCollection 2021.
Arsi Zone is one of the esophageal cancer endemic areas and is reported to have a high incidence of esophageal cancer in Ethiopia. This study assessed clinicopathological patterns and spatial distributions of esophageal cancer in Arsi Zone, Oromia, Central Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study design was carried out by abstracting data of 403 patients treated from January 2015 to January 2019. Data were collected by using a structured data collection form and Geographical Positioning System software. The collected data were summarized in the form of tables, figures, means, and standard deviations. Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS software version 21.0 while geospatial analysis was conducted using the Arc-GIS 10.1 software.
The disease was prominent among individuals aged 50 to 59 years. The mean age of females and males was 52.2 (SD±10.41) and 56.94 (SD ±12.27) years respectively. The vast majority (98.3%) of cases had squamous cell carcinoma. Dysphagia with weight loss accounted for 87.6% of the presenting symptoms. A large proportion (42.9%) of patients had a tumor located at the lower thorax. The majority (62%) of patients were from the eastern and north-eastern parts of the Arsi zone.
Dysphagia with weight loss was the major symptom during the first visit. Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histopathological type. Eastern and the northeastern parts of the Zone are the most affected regions. Future studies should focus on the determinants of esophageal cancer and precise areas with high incidences by using the population and/or facility-based cancer registry systems.
阿尔西地区是食管癌高发地区之一，据报道在埃塞俄比亚食管癌发病率很高。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚中部奥罗米亚州阿尔西地区食管癌的临床病理模式和空间分布。
采用横断面研究设计，提取2015年1月至2019年1月期间接受治疗的403例患者的数据。通过使用结构化数据收集表和地理定位系统软件收集数据。收集到的数据以表格、图表、均值和标准差的形式进行汇总。使用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计数据分析，同时使用Arc-GIS 10.1软件进行地理空间分析。
该疾病在50至59岁的人群中最为突出。女性和男性的平均年龄分别为52.2岁（标准差±10.41）和56.94岁（标准差±12.27）。绝大多数（98.3%）病例为鳞状细胞癌。吞咽困难伴体重减轻占出现症状的87.6%。很大一部分（42.9%）患者的肿瘤位于下胸部。大多数（62%）患者来自阿尔西地区的东部和东北部。
吞咽困难伴体重减轻是首次就诊时的主要症状。鳞状细胞癌是主要的组织病理学类型。该地区的东部和东北部是受影响最严重的地区。未来的研究应通过使用基于人群和/或医疗机构的癌症登记系统，关注食管癌的决定因素和高发的确切区域。
