Department of Public Health, College of Health Science Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia.
PhD student at School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Cancer Control. 2024 Jan-Dec;31:10732748241251712. doi: 10.1177/10732748241251712.
Esophageal cancer was the eighth and sixth leading cause of morbidity of all cancers in the world, and the 15th and 12th in Ethiopia, respectively. There is a lack of comprehensive data regarding Ethiopia's esophageal cancer hotspot, treatment outcome clustering, and other factors.
This scoping review was designed to understand the extent and type of existing evidence regarding spatiotemporal distribution, time to treatment outcome clustering, and determinants of esophageal cancer in Ethiopia up to March 28, 2023.
Three-step search strategies were employed for the scoping review from March 15 to 28, 2023. Targeted databases included PubMed/Medline, PubMed Central (PMC), Google Scholar, Hinari, and Cochrane for published studies and different websites for unpublished studies for evidence synthesis. Data were extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual format.
Our final analysis comprised 17 (16 quantitative aualitative) studies. Three studies attempted to depict the country's temporal distribution, whereas 12 studies showed the spatial distribution of esophageal cancer by proportion. The regional state of Oromia recorded a high percentage of cases. Numerous risk factors linked to the tumor have been identified in 8 investigations. Similarly, 5 studies went into detail regarding the likelihood of survival and the factors that contribute to malignancy, while 2 studies covered the results of disease-related treatments.
The substantial body of data that underpins this finding supports the fact that esophageal cancer has several risk factors and that its prevalence varies greatly across the country and among regions. Surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy helped the patient live longer. However, no research has investigated which treatment is best for boosting patient survival and survival clustering. Therefore, research with robust models for regional distribution, clustering of time to treatment outcomes, and drivers of esophageal cancer will be needed.
食管癌是全球第八大、第六大常见癌症发病原因，在埃塞俄比亚则分别排名第 15 位和第 12 位。埃塞俄比亚缺乏关于食管癌高发地区、治疗结果聚类以及其他因素的综合数据。
本范围综述旨在了解截至 2023 年 3 月 28 日，埃塞俄比亚食管癌时空分布、治疗结果聚类时间以及决定因素的现有证据的范围和类型。
我们于 2023 年 3 月 15 日至 28 日采用三步搜索策略进行范围综述。目标数据库包括 PubMed/Medline、PubMed Central（PMC）、Google Scholar、Hinari 和 Cochrane，以获取已发表研究的证据，以及不同网站以获取未发表研究的证据，用于综合证据。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所（JBI）手册格式提取数据。
我们的最终分析包括 17 项（16 项定量研究和 1 项定性研究）研究。有 3 项研究试图描述该国的时间分布，而 12 项研究则通过比例显示了食管癌的空间分布。奥罗米亚地区的州记录了较高比例的病例。8 项研究确定了与肿瘤相关的许多风险因素。同样，5 项研究详细探讨了生存的可能性和导致恶性肿瘤的因素，而 2 项研究涵盖了与疾病相关的治疗结果。
这些发现得到了大量数据的支持，这些数据表明食管癌有多个风险因素，其在全国和各地区的流行程度差异很大。手术、放疗或化疗有助于患者延长生存期。然而，目前还没有研究调查哪种治疗方法最能提高患者的生存率和生存聚类。因此，需要开展具有强大模型的研究，以了解区域分布、治疗结果聚类以及食管癌的驱动因素。
