埃塞俄比亚正常体重和超重育龄妇女抑郁症患病率及相关因素：基于社区的比较横断面研究
Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors Among Normal and Overweight Reproductive Age Women, Ethiopia: Community-Based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Engda Abayneh Shewangzaw, Belete Habte, Tilahun Fikir Addisu, Demeke Solomon Moges, Engidaw Nigus Alemnew, Wubetu Abate Dargie, Asefa Eyosiyas Yeshialem
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Int J Womens Health. 2021 Mar 22;13:337-347. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S301778. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Depression and overweight are serious public health problems and the most common complications of childbearing age with many negative consequences on the mental health of women and their children in the world. Even though both have a serious impact, no study has been done in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and compare the prevalence of depression and associated factors among normal and overweight reproductive-age women in Debre Berhan town.
METHODS
A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from April- June 2020. Patient health questionnaire-9 was used to measure the level of depression and list of threatening experience for stressful life events. Body mass index values of 18.5-24.9 and 25-29.9 kg/m were used to classify as normal, and overweight, respectively. The data were entered into Epi Data V. 4.6 and were analyzed using SPSS V. 25. A statistically significant association was declared at a p-value < 0.05.
RESULTS
From 1530 participants the response rate were 96.1% and 100% for normal and overweight women, respectively. The prevalence of depression among normal weight women was 26.02% (95% CI: 23.3%, 28.73%) whereas among overweight was 32.89% (95% CI: 28.85%, 36.93%). For women who have normal weight; being exposed to stressful life events, having poor social support, and body image disturbance were statistically significant factors. For women who have overweight, stressful life events, body image disturbance, and experienced weight stigma were significantly associated.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Depression among overweight women was high compared to normal weight in Debre Berhan town. Promoting social support at any aspect of health care services are very important to minimize depression. Especially for overweight women, encouraging management of medical illness, coping mechanisms for different stressful life events and potentiating self-confidence towards body image are a vital means to prevent depression. Health promotion program targeting reproductive age women with significant associated factors are important to overcome overweight and depression in Debre Berhan town.
背景
抑郁症和超重是严重的公共卫生问题，也是育龄期最常见的并发症，在全球范围内对女性及其子女的心理健康产生诸多负面影响。尽管二者都有严重影响，但埃塞俄比亚尚未开展相关研究。因此，本研究旨在评估和比较德布雷伯尔汉镇正常体重和超重育龄妇女中抑郁症的患病率及相关因素。
方法
2020年4月至6月进行了一项基于社区的比较性横断面研究。采用患者健康问卷-9来测量抑郁水平以及应激性生活事件的威胁经历清单。体重指数值18.5 - 24.9 kg/m²和25 - 29.9 kg/m²分别被用作正常体重和超重的分类标准。数据录入Epi Data V. 4.6，并使用SPSS V. 25进行分析。p值<0.05时被判定存在统计学显著关联。
结果
1530名参与者中，正常体重和超重女性的应答率分别为96.1%和100%。正常体重女性中抑郁症的患病率为26.02%（95%置信区间：23.3%，28.73%），而超重女性中为32.89%（95%置信区间：28.85%，36.93%）。对于正常体重的女性，经历应激性生活事件、社会支持差和身体形象紊乱是具有统计学意义的因素。对于超重女性，应激性生活事件、身体形象紊乱和经历体重歧视显著相关。
结论与建议
在德布雷伯尔汉镇，超重女性中的抑郁症患病率高于正常体重女性。在医疗保健服务的各个方面促进社会支持对于将抑郁症降至最低非常重要。特别是对于超重女性，鼓励治疗疾病、应对不同应激性生活事件的机制以及增强对身体形象的自信心是预防抑郁症的重要手段。针对具有显著相关因素的育龄妇女开展健康促进项目对于克服德布雷伯尔汉镇的超重和抑郁症问题很重要。
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