埃塞俄比亚南部盖多地区迪拉转诊医院的结核病治疗结果：一项回顾性研究。
Treatment outcome of tuberculosis at Dilla Referral Hospital, Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia: A retrospective study.
机构信息
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Digital Health Activity, John Snow Inc., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 1;16(4):e0249369. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249369. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in Ethiopia. Determining treatment outcome of TB cases could help to understand the effectiveness of TB control efforts. The objective of this study was to assess TB treatment outcome and associated factors and determine the risk factors of death among TB cases who were on Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS).
METHODOLOGY
We analyzed a retrospective data for TB cases who were on DOTS at Dilla Referral Hospital from July 2011- June 2016. The study population was TB cases with known HIV status and whose treatment outcome was evaluated at the Hospital. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed using statistical package SPSS for windows, version 20.
RESULT
Out of 899 registered TB cases, 731 included in this analysis. Of these cases, 424 (58.0%) were male and 334 (45.7%) were in the age group of below 25 years. Treatment success rate of TB was 675 (92.3%) and death rate was 18 (2.5%). Treatment outcome showed statistically significant variation by HIV status (P < 0.001). HIV status of the TB cases and pretreatment weight were associated with TB treatment outcome. HIV status of the TB cases was associated with death of the TB cases (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 5.0; CI 95%: 1.8-13.5).
CONCLUSION
TB treatment success rate found in this study was high. Patient's weight and HIV status were associated with treatment outcome. Moreover, HIV status predicted death of TB cases. Cautious treatment follow-up and defaulter tracing mechanisms for TB cases with these risk factors were suggested.
背景
结核病（TB）是埃塞俄比亚主要的公共卫生问题之一。确定结核病病例的治疗结果有助于了解结核病控制工作的效果。本研究的目的是评估结核病治疗结果及其相关因素，并确定直接观察短期疗程（DOTS）治疗的结核病病例死亡的危险因素。
方法
我们分析了 2011 年 7 月至 2016 年 6 月在迪拉转诊医院接受 DOTS 的结核病病例的回顾性数据。研究人群是已知 HIV 状况且在医院评估治疗结果的结核病病例。使用 SPSS for windows 版本 20 对数据进行录入、清理和分析。
结果
在 899 名登记的结核病病例中，有 731 例纳入本分析。这些病例中，424 例（58.0%）为男性，334 例（45.7%）年龄在 25 岁以下。结核病治疗成功率为 675 例（92.3%），死亡率为 18 例（2.5%）。结核病病例的 HIV 状况与治疗结果呈显著差异（P < 0.001）。结核病病例的 HIV 状况和治疗前体重与结核病治疗结果相关。结核病病例的 HIV 状况与结核病病例的死亡相关（调整后的优势比（AOR）为 5.0；95%置信区间（CI）：1.8-13.5）。
结论
本研究中发现结核病治疗成功率较高。患者体重和 HIV 状况与治疗结果相关。此外，HIV 状况预测结核病病例的死亡。建议对具有这些危险因素的结核病病例采取谨慎的治疗随访和追查机制。
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