Agazhe Mequanint, Eshetu Daniel, Arsicha Admasu, Hamato Assefa, Petros Assefa, Dabaro Desalegn, Yohanis Nigussie, Getahun Bekalu, Hirigo Agete Tadewos
Yirgalem Hospital Medical College, Yirgalem, Southern-Ethiopia.
Department of Microbiology, Yirgalem Hospital Medical College, Yirgalem, Southern-Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2021 Mar 15;9:20503121211001154. doi: 10.1177/20503121211001154. eCollection 2021.
In the current days, stroke has become one of the common reasons for admission in many health care setups and becoming an alarming public health problem in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess the incidence and associated factors of stroke among patients admitted to the medical wards in Yirgalem hospital.
An institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was carried out from 01 January 2017, to 30 December 2019. Admitted adult patients' medical charts were used to collect all required information using structured checklists. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 software, and a p value < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
From a total of 3016 admitted patients, the incidence of stroke was 3.15% (n = 95). Of the 95 stroke cases, 58.9% were males and 69.5% of them were urban dwellers. 62.1% (59/95) of the stroke patients had an ischemic stroke, whereas 37.9% (36/95) had a hemorrhagic stroke. Patients with age ⩾ 65 years, smokers, hypertension, and type-II diabetes had significantly higher ischemic stroke when compared to patients with hemorrhagic stroke (62.7% vs 30.5%, p = 0.008), (49.1% vs 11.1%, p ⩽ 0.0001), and (71.2%vs 13.9%, p < 0.0001), respectively. While patients with hypertension had a significantly higher rate of hemorrhagic stroke when compared to patients with ischemic stroke (88.9% vs 61%, p = 0.003).
The majority of stroke patients had cardiovascular problems and hypertension. More than 44% and 34.7% of them had a history of alcoholism and smoking. Therefore, proper management of hypertension, lifestyle modification, early screening and management of strok risks and avoiding risk-full personal behaviors like smoking and alcoholism are important tools to limit or prevent stroke-related morbidity and mortality.
如今，中风已成为许多医疗机构患者住院的常见原因之一，并且在埃塞俄比亚正成为一个令人担忧的公共卫生问题。因此，本研究旨在评估伊尔加莱姆医院内科病房收治患者中中风的发病率及相关因素。
采用基于机构的回顾性横断面研究设计，研究时间为2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日。使用结构化检查表，通过查阅成年住院患者的病历收集所有所需信息。数据采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）20版软件进行分析，p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在总共3016名住院患者中，中风发病率为3.15%（n = 95）。在95例中风病例中，58.9%为男性，其中69.5%为城市居民。62.1%（59/95）的中风患者为缺血性中风，而37.9%（36/95）为出血性中风。与出血性中风患者相比，年龄≥65岁的患者、吸烟者、高血压患者和II型糖尿病患者发生缺血性中风的比例显著更高（分别为62.7%对30.5%，p = 0.008）、（49.1%对11.1%，p≤0.0001）以及（71.2%对13.9%，p < 0.0001）。而与缺血性中风患者相比，高血压患者发生出血性中风的比例显著更高（88.9%对61%，p = 0.003）。
大多数中风患者患有心血管问题和高血压。其中超过44%和34.7%的患者有酗酒和吸烟史。因此，妥善管理高血压、改变生活方式、早期筛查和管理中风风险以及避免吸烟和酗酒等有风险的个人行为是限制或预防中风相关发病率和死亡率的重要手段。
