Moyale General Hospital, Oromia Regional State, Moyale Town, South Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2024 Sep 3;19(9):e0286845. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286845. eCollection 2024.
Stroke is a non-communicable disease that causes sudden global or focal neurological disorders. It is one of the major public causes of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Early identification of the determinants and prompt intervention remains critical to reduce morbidity and mortality from stroke.
The study aimed to identify determinants of stroke among adult hypertensive patients on follow up in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Ethiopia.
Unmatched case-control study design was conducted among 326(109 cases and 217 controls) study participants in Addis Ababa public hospitals from September 1-30, 2021. The cases were adult hypertensive patients who developed a stroke and the controls were adult hypertensive patients. The study participants were selected by consecutive sampling technique. Pretested structured interviewer assisted questionnaire and checklist were used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1; exported and analysed by SPSS version 23. All independent variables with p-value < 0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with p-value <0.05 were considered as determinants of the stroke.
In this study, current cigarette smoker(AOR = 5.55, 95% CI: 2.48, 12.43), current alcohol drinker(AOR = 4.27, 95% CI: 1.94, 9.38), medication non-compliance(AOR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.62, 6.44), uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.64, 7.16), uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure(AOR = 4.29, 95% CI: 2.06, 8.93), high low density lipoprotein(AOR = 6.89, 95% CI: 3.57, 13.35) and diabetic mellitus(AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.58, 6.69) were more likely to develop a stroke.
Cigarette smoking, alcohol use, non-adherence to medication, uncontrolled systolic pressure, uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure, high low-density lipoprotein, and diabetic mellitus were determinants of stroke. Providing health education about lifestyle changes and the consequences of hypertension at all follow-up is very important.
中风是一种非传染性疾病，会导致突发性的全脑或局部神经系统紊乱。它是中低收入国家（包括埃塞俄比亚）发病率和死亡率的主要公共原因之一。早期识别决定因素并及时干预对于降低中风的发病率和死亡率仍然至关重要。
本研究旨在确定在亚的斯亚贝巴公立医院接受随访的成年高血压患者中风的决定因素。
在 2021 年 9 月 1 日至 30 日期间，在亚的斯亚贝巴公立医院进行了一项 326 名（109 例病例和 217 例对照）研究参与者的非匹配病例对照研究设计。病例是患有中风的成年高血压患者，对照组是成年高血压患者。研究参与者通过连续抽样技术选择。使用经过预测试的访谈员协助问卷和检查表收集数据。数据输入 EpiData 版本 3.1；使用 SPSS 版本 23 导出和分析。在双变量逻辑回归分析中 p 值 <0.25 的所有自变量均被纳入多变量逻辑回归分析。最后，将 p 值 <0.05 的变量视为中风的决定因素。
在这项研究中，目前吸烟（AOR=5.55，95%CI：2.48，12.43）、目前饮酒（AOR=4.27，95%CI：1.94，9.38）、药物依从性差（AOR=3.23，95%CI：1.62，6.44）、收缩压未得到控制（AOR=3.42，95%CI：1.64，7.16）、舒张压未得到控制（AOR=4.29，95%CI：2.06，8.93）、低高密度脂蛋白（AOR=6.89，95%CI：3.57，13.35）和糖尿病（AOR=3.25，95%CI：1.58，6.69）的患者更有可能发生中风。
吸烟、饮酒、药物不依从、收缩压不受控制、舒张压不受控制、低高密度脂蛋白和糖尿病是中风的决定因素。在所有随访中提供有关生活方式改变和高血压后果的健康教育非常重要。
